Electromagnetically transparent metamaterial
The present disclosure relates to an electromagnetically transparent metamaterial, which comprises a substrate and a plurality of man-made metal microstructures arranged periodically inside the substrate. When an electromagnetic wave propagates through the metamaterial, each of the man-made metal microstructures is equivalent to two identical two-dimensional (2D) circuits, which are placed respectively in a direction perpendicular to an incident direction of the electromagnetic wave and in a direction parallel to the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave, and each of which comprises an inductor branch and two identical capacitor branches that are symmetrically connected in parallel with the inductor branch. The 2D circuits are associated with a waveband of the electromagnetic wave so that both a dielectric constant and a magnetic permeability of the metamaterial are substantially 1 when the electromagnetic wave propagates through the metamaterial.
1. An electromagnetically transparent metamaterial, comprising a substrate and a plurality of man-made metal microstructures arranged periodically inside the substrate, wherein each of the man-made metal microstructures is equivalent to a three-dimensional (3D) circuit formed by three identical 2D circuits that are perpendicular to one another at a common midpoint, each of the 2D circuits comprises an inductor branch and two identical capacitor branches that are symmetrically connected in parallel with the inductor branch, the three inductor branches having a common intersection point and perpendicular to one another form three axes of the 3D circuit, and the 3D circuit is associated with a waveband so that both a dielectric constant and a magnetic permeability of the metamaterial are substantially 1 within the waveband, wherein each of the man-made metal microstructures comprises: a first metal branch, a second metal branch and a third metal branch intersecting with one another at a common midpoint; two fourth metal branches, which have midpoints located at two ends of the second metal branch respectively and which have the same length as and are parallel with the first metal branch; two fifth metal branches, which have midpoints located at two ends of the third metal branch respectively and which have the same length as and are parallel with the first metal branch; two sixth metal branches, which have midpoints located at two ends of the first metal branch respectively and which have the same length as and are parallel with the second metal branch; two seventh metal branches, which have midpoints located at the two ends of the third metal branch respectively and which have the same length as and are parallel with the second metal branch; two eighth metal branches, which have midpoints located at the two ends of the second metal branch respectively and which have the same length as and are parallel with the third metal branch; and two ninth metal branches, which have midpoints located at the two ends of the first metal branch respectively and which have the same length as and are parallel with the third metal branch, the two seventh metal branches and the two eighth metal branches are positioned on a first plane of the man-made metal microstructure, the two fifth metal branches and the two ninth metal branches are positioned on a second plane of the man-made metal microstructure, the two fourth metal branches and the two sixth metal branches are positioned on a third plane of the man-made metal microstructure, each of the seventh metal branches and each of the eighth metal branches have at least one pair of first notch structures disposed symmetrically with respect to their respective midpoints or each of the seventh metal branches and each of the eighth metal branches are formed with the first notch structure at their respective midpoints; and each of the fourth metal branches and each of the fifth metal branches have at least one pair of second notch structures disposed symmetrically with respect to their respective midpoints or each of the fourth metal branches and each of the fifth metal branches are formed with the second notch structure at their respective midpoints.
2. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 1 , wherein each of the first notch structures is formed by interruptions between ends of each of the seventh metal branches and of each of the eighth metal branches.
3. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 2 , wherein at both ends of each of the seventh metal branches and of each of the eighth metal branches, eleventh metal branches that extend towards the inside of the substrate and form a same angle respect to the corresponding seventh metal branch and eighth metal branch are disposed.
4. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 1 , wherein each of the second notch structures is formed by a break at the midpoint of each of the fourth metal branches or of each of the fifth metal branches.
5. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 4 , wherein two opposite tenth metal branches are further connected at two ends of the break respectively.
6. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 3 , wherein the tenth metal branches and the eleventh metal branches are linear metal branches or arc-shaped metal branches.
7. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 5 , wherein the tenth metal branches and the eleventh metal branches are linear metal branches or arc-shaped metal branches.
8. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 1 , wherein the first metal branch, the second metal branch and the third metal branch perpendicularly intersect with one another at the common midpoint and have a same length.
9. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is made of one or more of glass, FR-4, F4B, epoxy resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, rubber and PPE.
10. The electromagnetically transparent metamaterial of claim 1 , wherein the man-made metal microstructure is attached on the substrate through etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron etching, or ion etching.