Methods for storing carbon dioxide compositions in subterranean geological formations and arrangements for use in such methods
A method of introducing a CO 2 composition into an aquifer for storage of CO 2 therein, said method comprising injecting CO 2 in a supercritical state into said aquifer at one or multiple first vertical positions; and withdrawing brine solution from said aquifer at one or multiple second vertical positions; wherein any one of said first vertical positions is distinct from any one of said second vertical positions is disclosed. An arrangement for introducing a CO 2 composition into an aquifer is also disclosed.
1. A method of introducing a CO 2 composition into an aquifer for storage of supercritical CO 2 therein, said method comprising injecting CO 2 in a supercritical state into said aquifer at one or multiple first vertical positions; withdrawing brine solution from said aquifer at one or multiple second vertical positions; and controlling the density of the CO 2 composition relative to the density of the brine solution at the site of injection; wherein
any one of said first vertical positions is distinct from any one of said second vertical positions, and
if the lowest one of said first vertical positions is above the highest one of said second vertical positions, the density of said CO 2 composition, at the respective sites of injection, is less than the density of said brine solution in said aquifer, or if the highest one of said first vertical positions is lower than the lowest one of said second vertical positions, the density of said CO 2 composition at the respective sites of injection, is greater than the density of said brine solution in said aquifer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lowest one of said first vertical positions is above the highest one of said second vertical positions, and the density of said CO 2 composition, at the respective sites of injection, is less than the density of said brine solution in said aquifer.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said CO 2 composition is injected into said aquifer in an upwardly convex portion of said aquifer.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the highest one of said first vertical positions is lower than the lowest one of said second vertical positions, and the density of said CO 2 composition at the respective sites of injection, is greater than the density of said brine solution in said aquifer.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said CO 2 composition is injected into said aquifer in a downwardly convex portion of said aquifer.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of volume of CO 2 composition injected into said aquifer, at the site of injection, to the volume of brine withdrawn from said aquifer is controlled to be at a level of 0.6 to 1.4.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of CO 2 injected per unit time, and the amount of brine produced per unit time, are controlled to be at a level such that the average pressure in said aquifer remains constant.
8. An arrangement for introducing a CO 2 composition into an aquifer for storage of supercritical CO 2 therein, said arrangement comprising: at least one first conduit each comprising an injection port, each injection port comprising one or more openings at first vertical positions, at least one second conduit each comprising a production port, each production port comprising one or more openings at second vertical positions, a first flow-rate controller for controlling the volumetric flow-rate of CO 2 injected through said injection ports into said aquifer, a second flow-rate controller for controlling the volumetric flow-rate of brine solution withdrawn from said aquifer through production ports, a density controller for controlling the density of said CO 2 at the site of injection, wherein any one of said first vertical positions are distinct from any one of said second vertical positions, wherein the arrangement is adapted to inject the CO 2 composition into the aquifer in a supercritical state.
9. The arrangement of claim 8 , wherein the lowest one of said first vertical positions is above the highest one of said second vertical positions, and said density controller is adapted to control the density of said CO 2 composition, at the site of injection, to a density below the density of said brine solution in said aquifer.
10. The arrangement of claim 8 , wherein the highest one of said first vertical positions is below the lowest one of said second vertical positions, and said density controller is adapted to control the density of said CO 2 , at the site of injection, to a density greater than the density of said brine solution in said aquifer.
11. The arrangement of claim 8 , further comprising a controller for controlling said first flow-rate controller and said second flow-rate controller, and said controller is adapted to control said first flow-rate controller and said second flow-rate controller to effect a ratio of the volumetric flow-rate of CO 2 injected, at the site of injection, to the volumetric flow-rate of brine produced of from 0.8 to 1.2.
12. The arrangement of claim 8 , wherein said first flow-rate controller comprises a controllable pump or a controllable valve.
13. The arrangement of claim 8 , wherein said second flow-rate controller comprises a controllable pump or a controllable valve.