Methods for producing methionine by culturing a microorganism modified to enhance production of cysteine
A method of producing methionine, derivatives or precursors thereof includes culturing a modified microorganism in a culture medium comprising a source of carbon and a source of sulfur; and recovering methionine from the culture medium, wherein said modified microorganism has an increased expression of cysE gene encoding serine acetyltransferase, metH gene encoding methionine synthase and metF gene encoding 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase compared to expression of the cysE, metH and metF genes in an unmodified microorganism.
1. A method of producing methionine or precursors thereof comprising:
culturing a modified microorganism in a culture medium comprising a source of carbon and a source of sulfur; and
recovering methionine from the culture medium,
wherein said modified microorganism has an increased expression of cysE gene encoding serine acetyltransferase, of metH gene encoding methionine synthase, of metF gene encoding 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and of cysM gene encoding O-acetyl-sulfhydrylase, as compared to the expression of the cysE, metH, metF and cysM genes in an unmodified microorganism and
wherein the methionine repressor encoded by the metJ gene is deleted or mutated in the modified microorganism.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one other gene involved in cysteine production is overexpressed as compared to the expression in an unmodified microorganism, said gene being selected from the group consisting of:
cysA sulfate permease,
cysU, cysT component of sulfate ABC transporter,
cysW membrane bound sulfate transport protein,
cysH adenylylsulfate reductase,
cysI sulfite reductase, alpha subunit,
cysJ sulfite reductase, beta subunit,
cysZ sulfate transport, and
sbp Periplasmic sulfate-binding protein.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one other gene involved in production of C1 units and/or transfer potential onto homocysteine is overexpressed compared to the expression in an unmodified microorganism, wherein said gene being selected from the group consisting of
metE encoding methionine synthase,
glyA encoding serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and
gcvTHP, lpd encoding the glycine cleavage complex.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein homoserine succinyltransferase (MetA) alleles encoding enzymes with reduced feed-back sensitivity to S-adenosylmethionine and/or methionine is/are integrated into the modified microorganism.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a thrA allele encoding for homoserine aspartokinase encoding homoserine aspartokinase enzyme with reduced feed-back sensitivity to threonine is integrated into the modified microorganism.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein in said modified microorganism, a methionine repressor encoded by the metJ gene is deleted or mutated, and homoserine succinyltransferase (MetA) allele encoding enzymes with reduced feed-back sensitivity to S-adenosylmethionine and/or methionine and a thrA allele encoding for homoserine aspartokinase encoding homoserine aspartokinase enzyme with reduced feed-back sensitivity to threonine are integrated.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a sulfur source in the culture medium is sulfate, thiosulfate, hydrogen sulfide, dithionate, dithionite, sulfite or a combination of different sources.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the sulfur source in the culture medium is sulfate or thiosulfate or a mixture thereof.