Method of treating cancer by administering CSF-1R antibodies and a TLR9 agonist

1. A method of treating cancer, the method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of

i) an antibody which binds to human CSF-1R, and

ii) a TLR9 agonist.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer expresses or overexpresses CSF-1R.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, head and neck cancer, lung cancer or prostate cancer.

4. A method of treating cancer, the method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of

i) an antibody which specifically binds to the dimerization domains D4 to D5 (SEQ ID NO: 85) of the extracellular domain of human CSF-1R, and

ii) a TLR9 agonist, wherein

a) cell proliferation in CSF-1R ligand-dependent and/or CSF-1 ligand-independent CSF-1R expressing tumor cells is inhibited;

b) cell proliferation of tumors with CSF-1R ligand-dependent and/or CSF-1R ligand-independent CSF-1R expressing macrophage infiltrate is inhibited;

c) cell survival in CSF-1R ligand-dependent and/or CSF-1R ligand-independent CSF-1R expressing monocytes and macrophages is inhibited; or

d) cell differentiation in CSF-1R ligand-dependent and/or CSF-1R ligand-independent CSF-1R expressing monocytes into macrophages is inhibited.

5. A method of treating a patient having a CSF-1R-expressing tumor or having a tumor with CSF-1R-expressing macrophage infiltrate, wherein the tumor expresses increased levels of CSF-1R ligand, the method comprising administering an effective amount of:

i) an antibody which specifically binds to human CSF-1R, and

ii) a TLR9 agonist.

6. The method of claim 1 , 4 , or 5 wherein the TLR9 agonist induces IFN-alpha, IL-6, and/or IL-12 in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs).

7. The method of claim 1 , 4 , or 5 , wherein the TLR9 agonist is an oligodeoxynucleotide containing cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) motifs (CpG ODNs).

8. The method of claim 1 , 4 , or 5 , wherein the antibody specifically binds to the domains D4 to D5 (SEQ ID No: 85) of the extracellular domain of human CSF-1R.

9. The method of claim 1 , 4 , or 5 , wherein the antibody does not bind to human CSF-1R fragment delD4 (SEQ ID NO: 65).

10. The method of claim 1 , 4 , or 5 , wherein the antibody comprises

a) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:7 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:8,

b) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:15 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:16;

c) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:75 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:76;

d) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:83 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:84;

e) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:23 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:24, or

f) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:31 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:32, or

g) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:39 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:40, or

h) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:47 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:48, or

i) a heavy chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:55 and a light chain variable domain comprising SEQ ID NO:56.

11. The method of claim 1 , 4 , or 5 , wherein the antibody comprises

a) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 1, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 2, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:3, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 4, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO:5, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:6, or

b) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 9, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 10, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 11, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO:12, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 13, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 14, or

c) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 17, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 18, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:19, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 20, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO:21, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:22, or

d) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 25, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 26, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 27, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO:28, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 29, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 30, or

e) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 33, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 34, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 35, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO:36, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 37, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 38, or

f) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO:41, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 42, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:43, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 44, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO:45, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:46, or

g) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 49, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 50, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 51, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO:52, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 53, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 54; or

h) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO:69, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 70, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:71, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 72, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO:73, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO:74, or

i) a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 77, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 78, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 79, and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO:80, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 81, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 82.

12. The method of claim 1 , 4 , or 5 , wherein said antibody is human IgG1 subclass or human IgG4 subclass.

13. A method of treating a patient having a CSF-1R-expressing tumor or having a tumor with CSF-1R-expressing macrophage infiltrate, wherein the tumor is characterized by an increase of CSF-1R ligand, the method comprising administering an effective amount of

i) an antibody which binds to human CSF-1R, and

ii) a TLR9 agonist.