Self-repairing cyclic oxide-substituted chitosan polyurethane networks
Thermosetting polymeric compositions, such as polyurethane compositions, and related methods are provided. The invention relates to coating and polymer compositions and related methods derived from a biodegradable natural polysaccharide compound such as chitosan, pectin, heparin, and combinations thereof reacted to a cyclic oxide compound, such as an oxetane, oxolane or oxepane compound. The compositions and methods of the present invention exhibit self-repairing properties upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. The compositions and methods of the present invention can be used in many coating applications, such as the transportation, packaging, fashion, and biomedical industries.
1. A cyclic oxide-substituted biodegradable natural polysaccharide polyurethane composition comprising a reaction product of: a) a polyol or a thiol; b) an isocyanate; and c) a composition comprising:
[BNP-OXE 1-2 ] n
wherein BNP is a disaccharide of a biodegradable natural polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of chitosan, pectin, heparin, and combinations thereof, OXE is an oxetane, oxolane, or oxepane compound, and n ranges from 5 to about 1475.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate comprises methylenediisocyanate (MDI); hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI); isophorenediisocyanate (IPDI); toluenediisocyanate (TDI); 2,4-toluene diisocyanate; 2,6-toluene diisocyanate; 2,2′-methylenediphenylene diisocyanate; 2,4′-methylenediphenylene diisocyanate; 4,4′-methylenediphenylene diisocyanate; polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanate; saturated 2,4-methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, saturated 2,6-methylcyclohexane diisocyanate; 2,2′-methylene dicyclohexylene diisocyanate; 2,4′-methylene dicyclohexylene diisocyanate; 4,4′-methylene dicyclohexylene diisocyanate; isophorone diisocyanate; 1,4-diisocyanatobutane; 1,5-diisocyanatopentane; 1,6-diisocyanatohexane; 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate; isomeric mixtures thereof; or combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyol comprises ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, polytetramethylene glycol, polyesterdiol, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the thiol comprises polythiol, pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptoproprionate) (PET3MP), trifunctional thiols, tetrafunctional thiols, thiol esters, thiol acrylates, or combinations thereof.
5. A cyclic oxide-substituted chitosan composition comprising:
[CHI-OXE 1-2 ] n
wherein CHI is a disaccharide of chitosan, OXE is an oxolane compound, and n ranges from 5 to about 1475.
6. A cyclic oxide-substituted chitosan polyurethane composition comprising a reaction product of a) a polyol or a thiol; b) an isocyanate; and c) a composition comprising:
[CHI-OXE 1-2 ] n
wherein CHI is a disaccharide of chitosan, OXE is an oxetane, oxolane or oxepane compound, and n ranges from 5 to about 1475.
7. The composition of claim 6 formed into a coating or a film.
8. The cyclic oxide-substituted chitosan polyurethane composition of claim 6 comprising:
wherein HDI is an isocyanate, CHI is a disaccharide of chitosan, OXE is an oxetane, oxolane or oxepane compound, m ranges from 3-450, p ranges from 0-540, and n ranges from 5 to about 1475.
9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the isocyanate comprises methylenediisocyanate (MDI); hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI); isophorenediisocyanate (IPDI); toluenediisocyanate (TDI); 2,4-toluene diisocyanate; 2,6-toluene diisocyanate; 2,2′-methylenediphenylene diisocyanate; 2,4′-methylenediphenylene diisocyanate; 4,4′-methylenediphenylene diisocyanate; polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanate; saturated 2,4-methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, saturated 2,6-methylcyclohexane diisocyanate; 2,2′-methylene dicyclohexylene diisocyanate; 2,4′-methylene dicyclohexylene diisocyanate; 4,4′-methylene dicyclohexylene diisocyanate; isophorone diisocyanate; 1,4-diisocyanatobutane; 1,5-diisocyanatopentane; 1,6-diisocyanatohexane; 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate; isomeric mixtures thereof; or combinations thereof.
10. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the polyol comprises ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, polytetramethylene glycol, polyesterdiol, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof.
11. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the thiol comprises polythiol, pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptoproprionate) (PET3MP), trifunctional thiols, tetrafunctional thiols, thiol esters, thiol acrylates, or combinations thereof.
12. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the chitosan has a degree of deacetylation ranging from about 75% to about 85%.
13. The composition of claim 8 , further comprising an alkaline solvent.
14. The composition of claim 8 , wherein OXE is an oxetane compound.
15. The composition of claim 8 , wherein OXE is an oxolane compound.
16. A method of prophylactically repairing mechanical damage to a substrate comprising the steps of applying the composition of claim 6 to a substrate, wherein upon exposure of the substrate to a UV source, the composition initiates self-repair of the mechanical damage to the substrate.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the substrate comprises metal, plastic, glass, or combinations thereof.