Generation of engineered molecular weight standards

1. A molecular weight marker composition that comprises an engineered polypeptide that comprises an amino acid sequence having at least 80% identity to an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, or SEQ ID NO:8; wherein the protein characterized by the amino acid sequence retains the same charge and molecular weight as a reference protein set forth in SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:5, or SEQ ID NO:7.

2. A method of determining the size of a protein present in a sample, the method comprising:

electrophoresing the protein under denaturing conditions on a gel;

electrophoresing on the same gel a molecular weight marker composition that comprises recombinant molecular weight marker proteins having molecular weights from about 10 to about 250 kDa wherein each of the molecular weight marker proteins in the composition is a purified protein and at least one of the molecular weight marker proteins is an engineered polypeptide comprising a physical analog of a naturally occurring reference protein amino acid sequence of at least 80 amino acids in length, wherein the reference protein is naturally occurring and wherein the analog: (i) is at least 80 amino acids in length and has the same amino acid composition as the reference protein sequence; (ii) has a primary sequence that has less than 50% identity to the reference protein sequence; and (iii) comprises a reversed sequence of at least 50 amino acids in length or a scrambled sequence of at least 50 amino acids in length, relative to the reference protein amino acid sequence; and

comparing the size of the protein in the samples to the molecular weight markers present in the molecular weight marker composition, thereby determining the size of the protein present in the sample.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the physical analog comprises a reversed sequence of at least 50 amino acids in length, relative to a reference protein sequence.

4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the physical analog comprises a scrambled sequence of at least 50 amino acids in length, relative to a reference protein sequence.

5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the engineered polypeptide comprises at least two repeated physical analog sequences.

6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the molecular weight marker composition comprises at least a second engineered polypeptide comprising a physical analog.

7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the molecular weight molecular weight marker composition comprises a recombinant molecular weight marker protein of about 3 kDa.

8. A molecular weight composition comprising an aqueous solution and prestained molecular weight marker proteins of different sizes to provide a range of molecular weights from about 10 to about 250 kDa, wherein each of the molecular weight marker proteins is purified and at least one of the molecular weight marker proteins is an engineered polypeptide comprising a physical analog of a reference protein amino acid sequence of at least 80 amino acids in length, wherein the reference protein amino acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:5, and SEQ ID NO:7; and wherein the analog: (i) is at least 80 amino acids in length and has the same amino acid composition as the reference protein sequence; (ii) has a primary sequence that has less than 50% identity to the reference protein sequence; and (iii) comprises a reversed sequence of at least 50 amino acids in length or a scrambled sequence of at least 50 amino acids in length, relative to the reference protein amino acid sequence.

9. The molecular weight composition of claim 8 , wherein the physical analog has an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, or SEQ ID NO:8.

10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the molecular weight marker proteins are pre-stained.