Device and method for driving tunnels, galleries or the like
A device ( 1 ) for driving tunnels, galleries or the like including a cutting head ( 2 ), wherein an excavating direction of the cutting head ( 2 ) being essentially at a right angle to said rotation axis (R), a base unit ( 3 ) with stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) for applying and fixing against rock surfaces, a support unit ( 4 ) for the cutting head ( 2 ), a joint device ( 5 ) for pivotal connection of the support unit to the base unit, forcing means ( 6,7,8,9 ) arranged between the base unit and the support unit for swinging the cutting head. The joint device ( 5 ) is arranged for vertical as well as for horizontal swinging of the support unit ( 4 ) in respect of the base unit ( 3 ), wherein the support unit ( 4 ) is vertically as well as horizontally swingable by means of a pair of upper fluid cylinders ( 6,7 ) and a pair of lower fluid cylinders ( 8,9 ) comprising said forcing means.
1. Device ( 1 ) for driving tunnels, galleries or the like including:
a cutting head which is rotatable around a rotation axis (R) and which includes a plurality of cutting elements that are extending radially from a peripheral region of the cutting head and are distributed in a rotational direction as well as in an axial direction of said peripheral region, wherein an excavating direction of the cutting head ( 2 ) being essentially at a right angle to said rotation axis (R),
a base unit ( 3 ) with stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) for applying and fixing against rock surfaces,
a support unit ( 4 ) for the cutting head ( 2 ),
a joint device ( 5 ) for pivotal connection of the support unit to the base unit,
forcing means comprising a pair of upper fluid cylinders and a pair of lower fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) arranged between the base unit and the support unit for swinging the cutting head, wherein:
the joint device ( 5 ) is arranged for vertical as well as for horizontal swinging of the support unit ( 4 ) in respect of the base unit ( 3 ), wherein the support unit ( 4 ) is vertically as well as horizontally swingable and is able to be pressed in said excavating direction by said pair of upper fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 ) and said pair of lower fluid cylinders ( 8 , 9 ), and
the support unit ( 4 ) is supported by the base unit ( 3 ) in such a way that during vertical swinging, the rotation axis (R) is movable so as to be angled in a vertical symmetry plane extending through the support unit ( 4 ) and the joint device.
2. Device according to claim 1 , wherein each pair of fluid cylinders includes a first fluid cylinder ( 6 , 8 ) at a first side ( 10 ) of the base unit and a second fluid cylinder ( 7 , 9 ) at a second side ( 11 ) of the base unit ( 3 ).
3. Device according to claim 2 , wherein each one of said fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) at a first end is pivotally fastened to a stabilizing unit (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) and at a second end to said support unit ( 4 ).
4. Device according to claim 1 , wherein each one of said fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) at a first end is pivotally fastened to one said stabilizing unit (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) and at a second end to said support unit ( 4 ).
5. Device according to claim 4 , wherein the support unit ( 4 ) on each side of a position for connection with said joint device ( 5 ) includes fastening places ( 13 , 15 ) for pivotal co-operation with second ends of said fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ).
6. Device according to claim 5 , wherein the stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) are moveably connected to a frame ( 3 ′) of the base unit ( 3 ).
7. Device according to claim 4 , wherein the stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) are moveably connected to a frame ( 3 ′) of the base unit ( 3 ).
8. Device according to claim 7 , wherein each stabilizing unit (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) is connected to said frame of the base unit ( 3 ) through a set of pivotal, length adjustable actuating means ( 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ).
9. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) include applying means for action upwardly against a roof as well as downwardly against a floor.
10. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the base unit ( 3 ) essentially centrally, in the region of said joint device ( 5 ), includes stabilizing means (S 5 ) for action upwardly against a roof and/or downwardly against a floor.
11. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the support unit ( 4 ) is constructed in a fork-like manner for support of the cutting head ( 2 ).
12. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the base unit ( 3 ) includes drive units ( 21 ) for forward and reverse propulsion.
13. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the cutting head ( 2 ) includes cutting elements in the form of rotatable cutting disks.
14. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the cutting head includes cutting elements in the form of cutting studs.
15. Method for driving tunnels, galleries or the like including:
rotating a cutting head ( 2 ) around a rotation axis (R), said cutting head having a plurality of cutting elements extending radially from a peripheral region of a cutting head,
applying and fixing stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) being arranged at a base unit ( 3 ) against rock surfaces,
pressing the cutting head ( 2 ) in an excavating direction essentially at a right angle to said rotation axis (R),
swinging the cutting head over a joint device ( 5 ) for pivotal connection of a support unit ( 4 ) to a base unit ( 3 ), by forcing means comprising a pair of upper fluid cylinders and a pair of lower fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) being arranged between the base unit and the support unit, wherein the support unit ( 4 ) swings through the joint device ( 5 ) vertically as well as horizontally in respect of the base unit ( 3 ) and is pressed in said excavating direction with the aid of said pair of upper fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 ) and said pair of lower fluid cylinders ( 8 , 9 ), and
wherein, during vertical swinging, the rotation axis (R) is angled in a vertical symmetric plane through the joint device ( 5 ) and the support unit ( 4 ).
16. Method according to claim 15 , wherein each one of said fluid cylinders ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) is at a first end pivotally fastened to one said stabilizing unit (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) and at a second end to said support unit ( 4 ).
17. Method according to claim 16 , wherein the stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) are displaced in respect of a frame ( 3 ′) of the base unit ( 3 ).
18. Method according to claim 15 , wherein the stabilizing units (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) are displaced in respect of a frame ( 3 ′) of the base unit ( 3 ).
19. Method according to claim 18 , wherein each stabilizing unit (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ) is moved by means of a set of pivotal, length adjustable actuating means ( 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ).
20. Method according to claim 15 , wherein the base unit ( 3 ) essentially centrally, in the region of said joint device ( 5 ), is stabilized through stabilizing means (S 5 ) acting upwardly against a roof and/or downwardly against a floor.