SMB process
The present invention provides a chromatographic separation process for recovering a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) product from a feed mixture, which process comprises the steps of: (i) purifying the feed mixture in a first separation step in a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous organic solvent, to obtain an intermediate product; and (ii) purifying the intermediate product obtained in (i) in a second separation step using a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous organic solvent, to obtain the PUFA product; wherein (a) the first and second separation steps are carried out sequentially on the same chromatography apparatus, the intermediate product being recovered between the first and second separation steps and the process conditions in the chromatography apparatus being adjusted between the first and second separation steps such that the PUFA product is separated from different components of the feed mixture in each separation step; or (b) the first and second separation steps are carried out on separate first and second chromatography apparatuses respectively, the intermediate product obtained from the first separation step being introduced into the second chromatography apparatus, and the PUFA product being separated from different components of the feed mixture in each separation step.
1. A chromatographic separation process for recovering a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) product from a feed mixture, which process comprises the steps of:
(i) purifying the feed mixture in a first separation step in a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous organic solvent, to obtain an intermediate product; and
(ii) purifying the intermediate product obtained in (i) in a second separation step using a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous organic solvent, to obtain the PUFA product; wherein
(a) the first and second separation steps are carried out sequentially on the same chromatography apparatus, the intermediate product being recovered between the first and second separation steps and the process conditions in the chromatography apparatus being adjusted between the first and second separation steps such that the PUFA product is separated from different components of the feed mixture in each separation step; or
(b) the first and second separation steps are carried out on separate first and second chromatography apparatuses respectively, the intermediate product obtained from the first separation step being introduced into the second chromatography apparatus, and the PUFA product being separated from different components of the feed mixture in each separation step; and wherein (1) part of an extract stream from the apparatus used in the first separation step is recycled back into the apparatus used in the first separation step; and/or
(2) part of a raffinate stream from the apparatus used in the first separation step is recycled back into the apparatus used in the first separation step; and/or
(3) part of an extract stream from the apparatus used in the second separation step is recycled back into the apparatus used in the second separation step; and/or
(4) part of a raffinate stream from the apparatus used in the second separation step is recycled back into the apparatus used in the second separation step, and
wherein (I) a rate at which liquid collected via one or both of the extract and raffinate streams in the first separation step is recycled back into the apparatus used in that separation step is adjusted such that the PUFA product can be separated from different components of the feed mixture in each separation step; and/or
(II) a rate at which liquid collected via one or both of the extract and raffinate streams in the second separation step is recycled back into the apparatus used in that separation step is adjusted such that the PUFA product can be separated from different components of the feed mixture in each separation step.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein each apparatus has an extract stream and a raffinate stream from which liquid can be collected from said plurality of linked chromatography columns.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate product obtained in the first separation step is enriched in the PUFA product compared to the feed mixture.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein (a) the intermediate product is collected as the raffinate stream in the first separation step, and the PUFA product is collected as the extract stream in the second separation step; or (b) the intermediate product is collected as the extract stream in the first separation step, and the PUFA product is collected as the raffinate stream in the second separation step.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the PUFA product is separated from less polar components of the feed mixture in the first separation step, and the PUFA product is separated from more polar components of the feed mixture in the second separation step.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the PUFA product comprises at least one w-3 PUFA.
7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the PUFA product comprises EPA and/or DHA.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the eluent is a mixture of water and an alcohol, an ether, an ester, a ketone or a nitrile.
9. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the eluent is a mixture of water and methanol.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the feed mixture is a fish oil or fish-oil derived feedstock, the PUFA product is EPA or EPA ethyl ester, and the PUFA product is produced in a purity greater than 90% purity, preferably greater than 95% purity, and more preferably greater than 97% purity.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the rate at which liquid collected via the extract stream in the first separation step is recycled back into the chromatography apparatus used in the first separation step differs from the rate at which liquid collected via the extract stream in the second separation step is recycled back into the chromatography apparatus used in the second separation step.
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the rate at which liquid collected via the raffinate stream in the first separation step is recycled back into the chromatography apparatus used in the first separation step differs from the rate at which liquid collected via the raffinate stream in the second separation step is recycled back into the chromatography apparatus used in the second separation step.
13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the rate at which liquid collected via the extract stream in the first separation step is recycled back into the chromatographic apparatus used in the first separation step is faster than the rate at which liquid collected via the extract stream in the second separation step is recycled back into the chromatographic apparatus used in the second separation step.
14. A computer program for controlling a chromatography apparatus according to claim 1 , which computer program contains code means that, when executed, instructs the apparatus to carry out a process according to claim 1 .
15. A PUFA product produced by the process of claim 1 .
16. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in option (b) the intermediate product is passed from the first separation step to the second separation step directly or indirectly.
17. The process according to claim 1 , wherein after the intermediate product is obtained in the first separation step, the aqueous organic solvent eluent is partly or totally removed before the intermediate product is purified in the second separations step.