Curable compositions and membranes
A curable composition comprising: (i) 2.5 to 50 wt % crosslinker comprising at least two acrylamide groups; (ii) 20 to 65 wt % curable ionic compound comprising an ethylenically unsaturated group and an anionic group; (iii) 15 to 45 wt % solvent; and (iv) 0 to 10 wt % of free radical initiator; wherein the molar ratio of (i):(ii) is 0.1 to 1.5. The compositions are useful for preparing ion exchange membranes.
1. A membrane obtained by a process comprising the following steps:
applying a curable composition to a support; and
curing the composition to form a membrane;
wherein the curable composition comprises:
(i) 7.47 to 43.33 wt % crosslinker comprising at least two acrylamide groups;
(ii) 20 to 65 wt % curable ionic compound comprising an ethylenically unsaturated group and an anionic group;
(iii) 15 to 45 wt % solvent; and
(iv) 0 to 10 wt % of free radical initiator;
wherein the molar ratio of (i):(ii) is from 0.1 to 1.5.
2. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein (a) the molar ratio of (i):(ii) is from 0.1 to 1.0; (b) the ethylenically unsaturated group is an acrylamide group or a methacrylamide group; and (c) the composition contains 20 to 40 wt % solvent.
3. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein (a) the composition comprises 20 to 40 wt % solvent; (b) the total wt % of components (i) and (ii) relative to the total weight of the composition is 30 to 85 wt %; (c) the solvent comprises at least 40 wt % water; and (d) the molar ratio of (i):(ii) is from 0.13 to 0.7.
4. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the total wt % of components (i) and (ii) relative to the total weight of the composition is 30 to 85 wt %.
5. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the solvent comprises at least 40 wt % water.
6. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the composition comprises 0.005 to 10 wt % photoinitiator.
7. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the composition is free from ethylenically unsaturated compounds other than components (i) and (ii).
8. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the curable composition comprises:
(i) 8 to 16 wt % crosslinker comprising at least two acrylamide groups;
(ii) 40 to 60 wt % curable ionic compound comprising an ethylenically unsaturated group and an anionic group;
(iii) 22 to 40 wt % solvent; and
(iv) 0.01 to 2 wt % of photoinitiator;
wherein the molar ratio of (i):(ii) is from 0.1 to 1.0.
9. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the curing is performed using electron beam or UV radiation.
10. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the composition is cured by irradiation with an electron beam or UV light for a period of less than 30 seconds.
11. The membrane according to claim 1 wherein the curable composition is applied continuously to a moving support using a manufacturing unit comprising a curable composition application station, an irradiation source for curing the composition, and a membrane collecting station and wherein the support moves from the curable composition application station to the irradiation source and to the membrane collecting station.
12. The membrane according to claim 8 wherein the curing is performed using electron beam or UV radiation.
13. The membrane according to claim 8 wherein the composition is cured by irradiation with an electron beam or UV light for a period of less than 30 seconds.