High temperature fiber reinforced pipe
A high temperature flexible pipe and method of making a high temperature flexible pipe is provided. The pipe can have an inner tubular layer formed of a high temperature thermoplastic, a first reinforcing layer, a second reinforcing layer and an outer sheath. In one aspect, an insulating layer may be provided between the second reinforcing layer and the outer sheath. A method of making a flexible pipe is also provided. The first reinforcing layer is wound around the inner tubular layer and the second reinforcing layer is wound around the first reinforcing layer. An outer sheaf can be formed over the second reinforcing layer. In another aspect, an insulating layer can be formed over the second reinforcing layer before an outer jacket is formed over the insulating layer.
1. A high temperature flexible pipe comprising:
an inner tubular layer formed of a high temperature thermoplastic and defining an inner diameter through which fluid can flow, the high temperature thermoplastic being HDPE-RT and having a tensile yield strength of at least 1350 psi at 82° C.;
a first reinforcing layer of fibers helically wound in a first direction;
a second reinforcing layer of fibers helically wound in a second direction; and
an outer sheath enclosing the inner tubular layer, the first reinforcing layer and the second reinforcing layer,
wherein the pipe is configured to retain mechanical properties at a service temperature of at least 82° C.
2. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the high temperature thermoplastic is a crystalline polymer material with a crystalline content of at least 45%.
3. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the fibers in the first reinforcing layer are all wound at substantially the same angle.
4. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the inner tubular layer is substantially liquid impermeable.
5. The pipe of claim 4 wherein the inner tubular layer is substantially gas impermeable.
6. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the first direction is a direction opposite to the second direction.
7. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the fibers in the first reinforcing layer are wound at an angle between 40° and 70°.
8. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the fibers in the first reinforcing layer are wound at an angle between 50° and 60°.
9. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the fibers are formed from at least one of: glass, carbon, nylon, polyester, aramid and metal.
10. The pipe of claim 9 wherein the fibers are formed of glass.
11. The pipe of claim 1 wherein spacings between the fibers in the first reinforcing layer and the fibers in the second reinforcing layer are sized to prevent the inner tubular layer from being forced through the spacings when pressurized fluid is passing through the pipe.
12. The pipe of claim 11 wherein there are no substantial spaces between the fibers in the first reinforcing layer and the fibers in the second reinforcing layer.
13. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the first reinforcing layer and the tubular layer are unbonded and the second reinforcing layer and the outer sheath are unbonded.
14. The pipe of claim 1 further comprising a liner within the inner tubular layer.
15. The pipe of claim 14 wherein the liner is significantly thinner than the inner tubular layer.
16. The pipe of claim 14 wherein the liner is formed of at least one of: polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyamide.
17. The pipe of claim 14 wherein the liner and the inner tubular layer are bonded together.
18. The pipe of claim 1 further comprising an insulating layer.
19. The pipe of claim 18 wherein the insulating layer is provided between the second reinforcing layer and the outer sheath.
20. The pipe of claim 18 wherein the insulating layer is provided outside the outer sheath.
21. The pipe of claim 20 further comprising an outer jacked provided around the insulating layer.
22. The pipe of claim 18 wherein the insulating layer is formed of blown foam.
23. The pipe of claim 18 wherein the insulating layer is formed of a syntactic foam.
24. The pipe of claim 18 wherein the insulating layer is formed of a high temperature thermoplastic.
25. The pipe of claim 24 wherein the outer jacket is formed from a different material than the insulating layer.
26. The pipe of claim 1 wherein the outer sheath includes a thermoplastic the same as the high temperature thermoplastic in the inner tubular layer.
27. A method of making a flexible high temperature pipe, the method comprising:
providing an inner tubular layer formed of a high-temperature thermoplastic of HDPE-RT and having a tensile yield strength of at least 1350 psi at 82° C. and defining an inner diameter through which fluid can flow;
applying a first reinforcing layer by winding fibers around the inner tubular layer in a first direction; and
applying a second reinforcing layer by winding fibers around the first reinforcing layer in a second direction,
wherein the pipe is configured to retain mechanical properties at a service temperature of at least 82° C.
28. The method of claim 27 wherein the high temperature thermoplastic is a crystalline polymer material with a crystalline content of at least 45%.
29. The method of claim 27 wherein the inner tubular layer is extruded.
30. The method of claim 29 wherein the inner tubular layer is extruded as a first inner layer and a second layer, the second layer formed of the high temperature thermoplastic and the first layer formed of a different material and defining the inner diameter.
31. The method of claim 27 wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
32. The method of claim 27 further comprising applying an outer sheath over the second reinforcing layer.
33. The method of claim 32 wherein the outer sheath includes a thermoplastic the same as the high temperature thermoplastic in the inner tubular layer.
34. The method of claim 27 further comprising:
applying an insulating layer.
35. The method of claim 34 wherein the insulating layer is formed of at least one of: blown foam and syntactic foam.
36. The method of claim 27 wherein the fibers are formed of glass.