Method and device for the filtering of alerts originating from a collision detection system of an aircraft
A method and a device for the filtering of alerts originating from a collision detection system of an aircraft makes it possible, by proposing a novel condition for alert disabling, to avoid an abnormal drop of an aircraft in the case of a CFIT (controlled flight into terrain) by authorizing the output of the alert when this novel condition is not complied with. This novel condition relies on a method for thresholding the angle of approach of the aircraft (FPA for flight path angle) as a function of the altitude of the aircraft with respect to the runway and of the angle of approach specified for each runway and which is recovered via the terrain database.
1. A method for filtering alerts originating from a ground collision detection system, embedded aboard an aircraft, during a landing runway approach phase, said aircraft flying according to a speed vector (V), said landing runway comprising a runway threshold (G), the method comprising the following steps:
determination of an angle of descent (α) defined on a basis of approach procedures predefined for said landing runway by a filtering device,
measurement of an altitude (H) of the aircraft with respect to the landing runway using an altimeter,
determination of a factor (k) defined on a basis of said angle of descent (α), of the measured altitude (H) of the aircraft with respect to the landing runway and of the distance x on the ground between the aircraft and the runway threshold (G) by the filtering device,
determination of a first threshold (S 1 ) by the filtering device on a basis of an angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft, the angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft being the angle between the speed vector (V) of the aircraft and a horizontal line, and
disabling of the ground alert of the ground collision detection system using the filtering device if the factor (k) is positive and is less than the first determined threshold (S 1 ) and if the angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft is less than a predetermined second threshold (FPA max ),
whereby false alerts during a landing runway approach phase are avoided.
2. The method for filtering alerts according to claim 1 , wherein said angle of descent (α) is equal to a maximum of the angles of approach which are defined by approach procedures predefined for the landing runway.
3. The method for filtering alerts according to claim 1 , wherein the factor k is computed on a basis of the following relation:
k =( H−y )/ y
where H is the measured altitude of the aircraft with respect to the threshold of the runway G, and where y follows the following relation:
y=x.t ang(α),
with α the angle of descent defined on a basis of the approach procedures predefined for the runway and x the distance on the ground between the aircraft and the runway threshold G.
4. The method for filtering alerts according to claim 1 , wherein the first threshold (S 1 ) is computed on the basis of the following relation:
S 1=( FPA −α)/( FPA Max −α)
where FPA is the angle of approach of the aircraft, α the angle of descent defined on the basis of the predefined approach procedures and FPA Max the second threshold.
5. The method for filtering alerts according to claim 1 , wherein the first threshold (S 1 ) is computed as a function of the angle of approach of the aircraft FPA and according to a piecewise linear function.
6. The method for filtering alerts according to claim 1 , said method being activated when the aircraft is situated between a first point (S) and the runway threshold (G), the first point (S) being situated at a distance (Δ) upstream of the runway threshold (G) and placed so that the segment formed by said runway threshold (G) and said first point (S) is situated in the longitudinal axis of the runway, the distance (Δ) being related to the precision of navigation of the aircraft.
7. A device for filtering alerts originating from a ground collision detection system, embedded aboard an aircraft, during a landing runway approach phase, said aircraft flying according to a speed vector (V), said landing runway comprising a runway threshold (G), the device comprising:
an altimeter for measuring an altitude (H) of the aircraft with respect to the landing runway,
a computer configured to determine a factor k defined on a basis of said angle of descent (α), of the measured altitude (H) of the aircraft with respect to the landing runway and of a distance (x) on the ground between the aircraft and the runway threshold (G),
the computer further configured to determine a first threshold (S 1 ) on a basis of an angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft, the angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft being the angle between the speed vector (V) of the aircraft and a horizontal line, and
the computer further configured to disable the ground alert of the ground collision detection system if the factor k is positive and is less than the first determined threshold (S 1 ) and if said angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft is less than a predetermined second threshold (FPA max ).
8. The device for filtering alerts according to claim 7 , wherein said computer is further configured to emit a disabling signal, the ground alert being disabled only if the disabling signal is maintained for at least a predetermined duration.
9. The device for filtering alerts according to claim 7 , wherein the computer is further configured to disable the ground alert of the ground collision detection system when the aircraft is situated between a first point (S) and the runway threshold (G), the first point (S) being situated at a distance (Δ) upstream of the runway threshold (G) and placed so that the segment formed by the said runway threshold (G) and said first point (S) is situated in the longitudinal axis of the runway, the distance (Δ) being related to the precision of navigation of the aircraft.
10. A method of flying an aircraft during a landing runway approach phase, said landing runway comprising a runway threshold (G), the method comprising the following steps:
flying said aircraft at a speed vector (V);
using a filtering device for determining an angle of descent (a) defined on a basis of approach procedures predefined for said landing runway;
using an altimeter for measuring an altitude (H) of the aircraft with respect to the landing runway;
using said filtering device for determining a factor (k) defined on a basis of said angle of descent (α), of the measured altitude (H) of the aircraft with respect to the landing runway and of the distance x on the ground between the aircraft and the runway threshold (G);
using said filtering device for determining a first threshold (S 1 ) on a basis of an angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft, the angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft being the angle between the speed vector (V) of the aircraft and a horizontal line; and
disabling a ground alert of a ground collision detection system embedded aboard an aircraft using the filtering device if the factor (k) is positive and is less than the first determined threshold (S 1 ) and if the angle of approach (FPA) of the aircraft is less than a predetermined second threshold (FPA max ).
11. The method of flying an aircraft according to claim 10 , wherein said angle of descent (α) is equal to a maximum of the angles of approach which are defined by approach procedures predefined for the landing runway.
12. The method of flying an aircraft according to claim 10 , wherein the factor k is computed on a basis of the following relation:
k =( H−y )/ y
where H is the measured altitude of the aircraft with respect to the threshold of the runway G, and where y follows the following relation:
y=x.t ang(α),
with α the angle of descent defined on a basis of the approach procedures predefined for the runway and x the distance on the ground between the aircraft and the runway threshold G.
13. The method of flying an aircraft according to claim 10 , wherein the first threshold (S 1 ) is computed on the basis of the following relation:
S 1=( FPA −α)/( FPA Max −α)
where FPA is the angle of approach of the aircraft, α the angle of descent defined on the basis of the predefined approach procedures and FPA Max the second threshold.
14. The method of flying an aircraft according to claim 10 , wherein the first threshold (S 1 ) is computed as a function of the angle of approach of the aircraft FPA and according to a piecewise linear function.
15. The method of flying an aircraft according to claim 10 , said method being carried out when the aircraft is situated between a first point (S) and the runway threshold (G), the first point (S) being situated at a distance (Δ) upstream of the runway threshold (G) and placed so that the segment formed by said runway threshold (G) and said first point (S) is situated in the longitudinal axis of the runway, the distance (Δ) being related to the precision of navigation of the aircraft.