Protein scaffolds for selective enrichment of metal ions
Polypeptides comprising high affinity for the uranyl ion are provided. Methods for binding uranyl using such proteins are likewise provided and can be used, for example, in methods for uranium purification or removal.
1. A recombinant polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1 wherein the amino acid sequence comprises one or more of the following features:
a) an amino acid with a negatively charged side chain at the position corresponding to Asn 13 of SEQ ID NO:1;
b) an amino acid with a negatively charged side chain at the position corresponding to Glu 17 of SEQ ID NO:1;
c) an amino acid with a negatively charged side chain at the position corresponding to Gln 64 of SEQ ID NO:1; or
d) an amino acid with a polar side chain at the position corresponding to Leu 67 of SEQ ID NO:1.
2. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid sequence comprises an amino acid with a negatively charged side chain at one or more of the positions corresponding to:
e) Glu 8 of SEQ ID NO:1;
f) Glu 12 of SEQ ID NO:1;
g) Glu 35 of SEQ ID NO:1; or
h) Asp 68 of SEQ ID NO:1.
3. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide comprises at least two of said features.
4. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3.
5. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid sequence comprises an Asp residue at the position corresponding to Asn 13 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
6. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid sequence comprises a Glu residue at the position corresponding to Glu 17 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
7. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid sequence comprises a Glu residue at the position corresponding to Gln 64 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
8. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid sequence comprises a Thr residue at the position corresponding to Leu 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
9. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
10. The polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3.
11. A method for binding uranyl comprising:
(a) contacting a solution comprising uranyl with a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3, thereby binding the uranyl to the polypeptide.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the solution comprises uranyl having a 238 U, 235 U or 233 U uranium isotope.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the solution comprises carbonate.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the polypeptide binds to uranyl with a K D of between about 1.8 nM and about 1.0 fM.
15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising isolating or concentrating the polypeptide bound to uranyl.
16. The method of claim 11 , further comprising eluting uranyl from the polypeptide.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein eluting comprises heating the polypeptide.
18. A method for reducing the level of uranium in a solution comprising:
(a) contacting a solution comprising uranyl with the polypeptide of claim 1 thereby binding the uranyl to the polypeptide; and
(b) purifying the polypeptide away from the solution thereby reducing the level of uranium in the solution.
19. A method for binding uranyl comprising:
(a) contacting a solution comprising uranyl with the polypeptide of claim 1 , thereby binding the uranyl to the polypeptide.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the polypeptide binds to uranyl with a K D of between about 100 nM and about 0.1 fM.