Heterocyclic autotaxin inhibitors and uses thereof

1. A compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

wherein,

R 1 is substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

ring A is a heteroaryl;

R 2 is H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl;

X is —S—;

L 2 is absent, C 1 -C 6 alkylene or C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylene;

R A is —CO 2 H, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 6 alkyl), —OH, —CN, —B(OH) 2 , —C(═O)NHSO 2 R 9 , —C(═O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —C(═O)NHCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(═O)NHCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 , —C(═O)NH—OH, —C(═O)NH—CN, —NHSO 2 C(═O)R 9 , tetrazolyl or carboxylic acid bioisostere;

R 3 and R 5 are each independently H, halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, and C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl;

R 6 is H, halogen, —CN, —NO 2 , —OH, —OR 9 , —SR 9 , —S(═O)R 9 , —S(═O) 2 R 9 , —S(═O) 2 N(R 10 ) 2 , —NR 10 S(═O) 2 R 9 , —C(═O)R 9 , —OC(═O)R 9 , —CO 2 R 10 , —OCO 2 R 9 , —N(R 10 ) 2 , —C(═O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —OC(═O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —NHC(═O)R 9 , —NHC(═O)OR 9 , C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, —S(O) 2 —C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl,

R 9 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

each R 10 is independently selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl; or

two R 10 groups attached to the same N atom are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle;

n is 0, 1, or 2.

2. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

ring A is a 5-membered or 6-membered heteroaryl;

R 2 is C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl; and

R 6 is halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, or C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl.

3. The compound of claim 2 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

R 2 is H, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —CH(CH 3 ) 2 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —C(CH 3 ) 3 , or —CF 3 ;

ring A is a furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, or triazinyl, where the groups —X— and -L 2 -R A are attached to ring A on non-adjacent ring atoms of ring A;

L 2 is absent, —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH(CH 3 )—, —CH(CH 2 CH 3 )—, C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —C(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 —, cyclopropyl-1,1-diyl, cyclobutyl-1,1-diyl, or cyclopentyl-1,1-diyl;

R 6 is F, Cl, Br, I, —CN, —OH, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , —CH(CH 3 ) 2 , —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —S—CH 3 or —S(O) 2 —CH 3 .

4. The compound of claim 3 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

ring A is

R A is —CO 2 H, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 6 alkyl), —B(OH) 2 , or tetrazolyl;

X is —S—.

5. The compound of claim 4 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

R 2 is —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or —CF 3 ;

L 2 is absent, —CH 2 —, or —CH 2 CH 2 —;

R A is —CO 2 H or —CO 2 (C 1 -C 6 alkyl).

6. The compound of claim 5 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted furanyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, substituted or unsubstituted oxazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted thiazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted imidazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyrazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted triazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted tetrazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted isoxazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted isothiazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted oxadiazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted thiadiazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidinyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyrazinyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyridazinyl, or substituted or unsubstituted triazinyl.

7. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound of Formula (I) has the structure of Formula (II):

wherein,

R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

ring A is a monocyclic heteroaryl;

L 2 is absent, —CH 2 —, or —CH 2 CH 2 —;

R A is —CO 2 H or —CO 2 (C 1 -C 6 alkyl);

R 3 is H, halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, and C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl;

R 6 is H, halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, or C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy;

each substituted group is substituted with 1 or more groups independently selected from halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, and C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl.

8. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound of Formula (I) has the structure of Formula (III):

wherein

R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

ring A is a monocyclic heteroaryl;

L 2 is absent, —CH 2 —, or —CH 2 CH 2 —;

R A is —CO 2 H or —CO 2 (C 1 -C 6 alkyl);

R 3 is H, halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, and C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl;

R 5 is H, halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, and C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl;

R 6 is H, halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, or C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy;

each substituted group is substituted with 1 or more groups independently selected from halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, —S—C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, and C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl.

9. The compound of claim 8 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

ring A is a monocyclic 6-membered heteroaryl;

L 2 is absent or —CH 2 —;

R A is —CO 2 H;

R 6 is F, Cl, Br, I, —CN, —OH, —CH 3 , —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , or —S—CH 3 .

10. The compound of claim 9 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazolyl; each substituted group is substituted with 1 or more groups independently selected from halogen, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, and C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl;

ring A is a pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, or pyridazinyl;

X is —S—;

R 3 is H, F, Cl, —CN, —OH, —CH 3 , —OCH 3 , —CF 3 , or —OCF 3 ;

R 5 is H, F, Cl, —CN, —OH, —CH 3 , —OCH 3 , —CF 3 , or —OCF 3 .

11. The compound of claim 10 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazolyl; each substituted group is substituted with C 1 -C 4 alkyl;

R 5 is H, F, or Cl;

R 6 is Cl.

12. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

13. The compound of claim 1 which is selected from

5 -[6-Chloro-2-methyl-1 -(1 -methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indo1-3 -ylsulfanyl]-nicotinic acid;

5 -[6-Chloro-1 -(1 -ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4 -yl)-2 -methyl-1H-indo1-3 -ylsulfanyl]-nicotinic acid;

5 -[6-Chloro-1 -(1 -isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3 -ylsulfanyl]-nicotinic acid;

2-[6-Chloro-2-methyl-1-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-3-ylsulfanyl]-isonicotinic acid;

2-[6-Chloro-1-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-isonicotinic acid;

2-[6-Chloro-1-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-isonicotinic acid;

6-[6-Chloro-1-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid;

6-[6-Chloro-2-methyl-1-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid;

6-[6-Chloro-2-methyl-1-(1-propyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid;

6-[6-Chloro-1-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid;

6-[6-Chloro-7-fluoro-1-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid;

6-[6-Chloro-1-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid;

6-[6-Chloro-7-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(1-propyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid;

{4-[6-Chloro-1-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyrazol-1-yl}-acetic acid;

{6-[6-Chloro-1-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indo1-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridin-2-yl}-acetic acid; or

{6-[6-Chloro-7-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(1-propyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-3-ylsulfanyl]-pyridin-2-yl}-acetic acid.

14. The compound of claim 1 which is