Self-quenching activatable COX-2-specific multi-modal molecular probes for diagnosis of cancers, inflammation, and immune system disorders
Encompassed are pharmaceutically acceptable compositions formulated for the topical or transdermal delivery of probes specific for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) of human and non-human subjects. In particular, an activatable probe comprises a fluorescent moiety comprising a fluorophore attached to a compound having selective affinity for COX-2, and a removable fluorescence quencher linked to the fluorescent moiety by a cleavable linker. Upon delivery to a recipient subject, the activatable probe is localized and concentrated in tissues and cells with elevated levels of COX-2. The linker is cleaved to release the fluorescence quencher. Irradiation by an activating incident illumination results in a detectable fluorescent emission signal
1. A composition comprising an activatable probe for the detection of a cell or tissue having cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, said activatable probe comprising:
(i) a fluorescent moiety consisting of indomethacin conjugated to 5-Rox-D (Fluorocoxib); and
(ii) a fluorescence quencher, wherein the fluorescent quencher is GHK-Cu + , wherein the fluorescent moiety and the fluorescence quencher are connected by a cleavable linker comprising a cleavable peptide bond, wherein the linker is GHK, wherein the activatable probe is encapsulated in a liposome comprising sulfasalazine.
2. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
3. A method of detecting a COX-2 activity in a human or non-human animal tissue or cell thereof, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) administering to a recipient human or non-human animal subject a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising an activatable probe for the detection of a cell or tissue having cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, said activatable probe comprising:
(i) a fluorescent moiety consisting of indomethacin coniuqated to 5-Rox-D (Fluorocoxib).
(ii) a fluorescence quencher, wherein the fluorescent quencher is GHK-Cu + , wherein the fluorescent moiety and the fluorescence quencher are connected by a cleavable linker comprising a cleavable peptide bond, wherein the linker is GHK, wherein the activatable probe is encapsulated in a liposome comprising sulfasalazine; and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier,
wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable composition is delivered to the recipient subject by a route that delivers the activatable probe to a tissue suspected of having COX-2activity;
(b) irradiating the recipient tissue or isolated cell with a stimulatory incident energy, whereupon the fluorophore emits a detectable signal if the fluorescence quencher has been cleaved from the fluorescent molecular probe; and
(c) detecting the emitted detectable signal, thereby detecting the presence of COX-2 in the recipient tissue or cell.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable composition is formulated for transdermal delivery to the skin or an epithelial surface of the recipient subject, and wherein in step (a), said composition is administered topically to the skin or an epithelial surface of the recipient subject.
5. The method of claim 3 , further comprising the steps of:
(i) obtaining an image of the detectable signal; and
(ii) overlaying the image from step (i) onto an image of the recipient human or non-human animal subject, thereby determining the location of COX-2 in a tissue of said subject.
6. The method of claim 4 , further comprising the steps of:
(i) obtaining an image of the detectable signal; and
(ii) overlaying the image from step (i) onto an image of the recipient human or non-human animal tissue, or cell isolated therefrom, thereby determining the location of COX-2 in the recipient tissue or cells.