Electrochemical reactor and active layer integrated into said reactor

1. An electrochemical reactor comprising an active layer, the active layer comprising:

a support consisting of carbon black; and

a catalytic system, wherein the catalytic system comprises:

at least one metal and a non-functionalized fullerene, wherein the non-functionalized fullerene does not comprise a proton affinity group, wherein the at least one metal is platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd), and wherein the at least one metal is deposited on the fullerene, or

a metallofullerene, wherein the metallofullerene does not comprise a proton affinity group, and wherein metallofullerene comprises Pt or Pd,

wherein the support is mixed with the catalytic system, or wherein the support is fully or partially coated with the catalytic system.

2. The electrochemical reactor of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical reactor is a fuel cell or an electrolyzer.

3. The electrochemical reactor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one metal is in the form of particles.

4. The electrochemical reactor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one metal is in the form of a layer.

5. The electrochemical reactor of claim 1 , wherein the support accounts for 5 to 50% by mass of the support and the catalytic system.

6. The electrochemical reactor of claim 4 , wherein the support accounts for 5 to 50% by mass of the support and the catalytic system.

7. The electrochemical reactor of claim 3 , wherein the particles are nanometric-sized particles.

8. The electrochemical reactor of claim 5 , wherein the support accounts for 20 and 30% by mass of the support and the catalytic system.

9. The electrochemical reactor of claim 6 , wherein the support accounts for 20 to 30% by mass of the support and the catalytic system.