Methods and compositions for treating trauma-hemorrhage using estrogen and derivatives thereof

1. A method of ameliorating one or more effects of a traumatic injury in a human subject, the method comprising administering to the human subject, a single estrogen, wherein the estrogen is administered at between 0.3 and 3.0 mg/kg body weight and is in a water-soluble form, wherein the volume of the water-soluble form of the single estrogen is 0.5 ml/kg of body weight or less, wherein the single estrogen is administered at least one minute prior to fluid resuscitation, and wherein the traumatic injury involves severe blood loss.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administration is intravenous or intraosseous.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the estrogen is ethinyl estradiol or 17β-estradiol sulfate.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the traumatic injury involves an inflammatory response.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the traumatic injury involves low blood pressure compared to a control blood pressure.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the severe blood loss comprises 40% or more blood loss from the subject.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein administration of estrogen maintains a state of permissive hypotension.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the estrogen is administered after the traumatic injury but prior to treatment.

9. A method of ameliorating one or more effects of severe blood loss in a subject, the method comprising administering to the human subject, a single estrogen, wherein the estrogen is administered at between 0.3 and 3.0 mg/kg body weight and is in water-soluble form, wherein the volume of the water-soluble form of the single estrogen is 0.5 ml/kg of body weight or less, wherein the single estrogen is administered prior to fluid resuscitation.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the administration is intravenous or intraosseous.

11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the estrogen is ethinyl estradiol or 17β-stradiol sulfate.

12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the severe blood loss comprises 40% or more blood loss from the subject.

13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the severe blood loss comprises 50% or more blood loss from the subject.

14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the severe blood loss comprises 60% or more blood loss from the subject.

15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the estrogen is administered after the severe blood loss but prior to treatment.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the estrogen comprises 17β-estradiol sulfate.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the estrogen is administered at 0.5 mg/kg body weight.

18. The method of claim 9 , wherein the estrogen is administered at between 0.3 and 3.0 mg/kg body weight.

19. The method of claim 9 , wherein the estrogen is administered at 0.5 mg/kg body weight.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the estrogen is administered at 1 mg/kg body weight.

21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the estrogen is administered at 1 mg/kg body weight.

22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the single estrogen is administered at least 10 minutes prior to fluid resuscitation.