Optical fiber grating tracker and method for detecting optical fiber line fault

1. An optical fiber grating tracker, comprising a first stub, a second stub, an optical fiber grating, and a connection part, wherein the connection part has a through hole, the first stub is inserted into one end of the through hole, the second stub is inserted into the other end of the through hole, an interval exists between the first stub and the second stub, the optical fiber grating is in the through hole and in a bent state in the interval such that a temperature characteristic of the optical fiber grating reach a wavelength temperature characteristic of 10 pm/° C., and a space in the through hole is filled with a waterproof material; or

comprising a first stub, a second stub, an optical fiber grating, and a connection part, wherein the connection part has a through hole, the first stub is inserted into one end of the through hole, the second stub is inserted into the other end of the through hole, one end of the first stub in the through hole and/or one end of the second stub in the through hole is provided with a cavity, the optical fiber grating is in a bent state in the cavity such that a temperature characteristic of the optical fiber grating reach a wavelength temperature characteristic of 10 pm/° C., and the cavity is filled with a waterproof material.

2. The optical fiber grating tracker according to claim 1 , wherein the waterproof material is silicone oil.

3. The optical fiber grating tracker according to claim 1 , wherein an end surface of the first stub in the through hole is provided with a circular conical surface beneficial for an optical fiber to be inserted into an optical fiber cavity of the first stub, and/or an end surface of the second stub in the through hole is provided with a circular conical surface beneficial for an optical fiber to be inserted into an optical fiber cavity of the second stub.

4. A method for detecting an optical fiber line fault by using an optical fiber grating tracker, the optical fiber grating tracker comprising a first stub, a second stub, an optical fiber grating, and a connection part, wherein the connection part has a through hole, the first stub is inserted into one end of the through hole, the second stub is inserted into the other end of the through hole, an interval exists between the first stub and the second stub, the optical fiber grating is in the through hole and in a bent state in the interval such that a temperature characteristic of the optical fiber grating reach a wavelength temperature characteristic of 10 pm/° C., and a space in the through hole is filled with a waterproof material; or

comprising a first stub, a second stub, an optical fiber grating, and a connection part, wherein the connection part has a through hole, the first stub is inserted into one end of the through hole, the second stub is inserted into the other end of the through hole, one end of the first stub in the through hole and/or one end of the second stub in the through hole is provided with a cavity, the optical fiber grating is in a bent state in the cavity such that a temperature characteristic of the optical fiber grating reach a wavelength temperature characteristic of 10 pm/° C., and the cavity is filled with a waterproof material; the method comprising the following steps:

1) connecting each of at least two output ends of an optical splitter to an optical fiber grating tracker through an optical fiber, and connecting an input end of the optical splitter to an optical emission and detection device through an optical fiber, an optical fiber grating tracker disposed near the input end of the optical splitter, and an optical fiber in order, wherein reflection wavelengths of the optical fiber grating trackers are different from each other and different from an optical wavelength of a communication system;

2) the optical emission and detection device emitting a light beam of light with multiple wavelengths or emitting a light beam with a specific bandwidth range towards the optical fiber grating trackers, wherein the light beam comprises light with reflection wavelengths of all the optical fiber grating trackers; and

3) if the optical emission and detection device receives light with a wavelength corresponding to the optical fiber grating tracker near the input end of the optical splitter and the optical emission and detection device does not receive light with a certain wavelength corresponding to an optical fiber grating tracker at a side of the output end of the optical splitter, the optical emission and detection device judging that a fault exists on an optical fiber between the optical splitter and the optical fiber grating tracker corresponding to the light with the wavelength not detected.