Powder comprising ceramic granules and low Tg binder
The invention relates to a granulated powder intended, in particular, for the production of ceramic sintered parts, said powder having the following chemical weight composition, based on dry matter, namely: at least 1% of a first binder having a glass transition temperature less than or equal to 25° C.; 0-4% of an additional binder having a glass transition temperature greater than 25° C.; 0-4% of a temporary additive different from the first binder and the additional binder, the total content of the first binder, the additional binder and the temporary additive being less than 9%; 0-15% of an additive for sintering the ceramic material; at least 2% impurities; and the remainder comprising a ceramic material, and optionally an agent for stabilizing said ceramic material, to make up 100%. According to the invention, the median diameter D 50 of the powder is between 80 and 130 μm, the percentile D 99.5 is less than 500 μm and the relative density of the granules is between 30% and 60%.
1. A powder comprising granules which is intended in particular for the production of ceramic sintered parts, said powder having the following chemical composition by weight, on the basis of the dry matter:
a ceramic material chosen in the group consisting in silicon carbide, silicon nitride and mixtures thereof, and, optionally, a stabilizer for said ceramic material: to make up 100%;
at least 1.0% of a first binder having a glass transition temperature of less than or equal to 15° C.;
0 to 4.0% of an additional binder having a glass transition temperature of greater than 25° C.;
0 to 4.0% of a temporary additive different from a first binder and from an additional binder, the total content of said first binder, of said additional binder and of said temporary additive being less than 9.0%;
0 to 15% of an additive for sintering the ceramic material;
less than 2.0% of impurities;
the median diameter D 50 of the powder being between 80 and 130 μm, the percentile D 995 being less than 500 μm, the 10 percentile D 10 is greater than 40 μm and the relative density of the granules being between 30% and 60%.
2. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which the content of additional binder is between 0.5% and 1% as percentage by weight on the basis of the dry matter.
3. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which
the content of additional binder is between 0.5% and 1% as percentage by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the content of temporary additive is between 0.5% and 1%.
4. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which the granules incorporate particles of ceramic material of which the median diameter D 50 is less than 1 μm.
5. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which the first binder has a glass transition temperature of greater than −30° C.
6. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which the first binder is chosen from amorphous organic polymers, polyacrylic resins, polymers based on pure acrylates, copolymers based on acrylates and styrene, and blends thereof.
7. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which the first binder is chosen from polyacrylic resins, polymers based on pure acrylates, copolymers based on acrylates and styrene, and blends thereof.
8. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which the first binder is chosen from polyacrylic resins, copolymers based on acrylates and styrene, and blends thereof.
9. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which the first binder and/or the additional binder are chosen from polymers not comprising inorganic elements.
10. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which said temporary additive is an organic additive, the content of said organic additive being less than 1%, the total content of binder(s) and of organic additive being less than 5%, said organic additive being chosen from dispersants or surfactants, thickeners, antifoaming agents, preservatives, lubricants, and mixtures thereof.
11. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which
the median diameter D 50 is greater than 90 μm and less than 120 μm; and/or
the 90 percentile D 90 is less than 300 μm; and/or
the 99.5 percentile D 99.5 is less than 400 μm.
12. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which more than 80% of the granules have said chemical composition.
13. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which
the ceramic material is silicon carbide SiC, and
the content of first binder is between 2.5% and 4% as percentages by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the content of impurities is less than 1% as percentage by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the residual moisture content is between 0.2% and 1% as percentages by weight on the basis of the wet powder.
14. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which
the ceramic material is silicon carbide SiC, and
the content of sintering additive is between 0.5 and 5%, said sintering additive being chosen from the group made up of oxides of the elements Si, Al and B, of rare earths, of the elements of Groups 2, 3 and 4 of the periodic table of elements, and of mixtures thereof; of nitrides of the elements Si, Al and B, of rare earths, of the elements of Groups 2, 3 and 4 of the periodic table of elements, and of mixtures thereof; and of carbides of the elements Si, Al and B, of rare earths, of the elements of Groups 2, 3 and 4 of the periodic table of elements, and of mixtures thereof, and
the content of first binder is between 2.5% and 4% as percentages by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the content of impurities is less than 1% as percentage by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the residual moisture content is between 0.2% and 1% as percentages by weight on the basis of the wet powder.
15. The powder as claimed in claim 14 , in which the sintering additive is chosen from the group made up of Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and carbides of the elements Al, B, Ti, Zr and mixtures thereof.
16. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which
the ceramic material is silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 , and
the content of first binder is between 2.5% and 4% as percentages by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the content of impurities is less than 1% as percentage by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the residual moisture content is between 0.2% and 1% as percentages by weight on the basis of the wet powder.
17. The powder as claimed in claim 1 , in which
the ceramic material is silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 , and
the content of sintering additive is between 0.5 and 15%, said sintering additive being chosen from the group made up of oxides of rare earths, of the elements of Groups 2, 3 and 4 of the periodic table of elements, and of mixtures thereof; and of nitrides of rare earths, of the elements of Groups 2, 3 and 4 of the periodic table of elements, and of mixtures thereof, and
the content of first binder is between 2.5% and 4% as percentages by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the content of impurities is less than 1% as percentage by weight on the basis of the dry matter, and
the residual moisture content is between 0.2% and 1% as percentages by weight on the basis of the wet powder.
18. The powder as claimed in claim 17 , in which the sintering additive is chosen from the group made up of MgO, Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , and nitrides of the elements Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, Al, B and mixtures thereof.
19. A process for producing a sintered part, comprising the following steps:
A) mixing raw materials so as to form a starting charge comprising a powder comprising granules as claimed in claim 1 , said powder comprising granules representing at least 60% of the weight of the starting charge,
B) forming a preform from said starting charge,
C) optionally, machining said preform,
D) sintering said preform so as to obtain said sintered part,
E) optionally, machining and/or precision grinding said sintered part.