Protein purification
The present invention relates to a process for the purification of an antibody fragment from a periplasmic cell extract comprising a first cation exchange chromatography step and a second anion exchange chromatography step.
1. A process for the purification of an antibody fragment from periplasmic cell extract comprising:
a) a first chromatography step to capture the antibody fragment by subjecting a mixture comprising the antibody fragment and bacterial host cell protein, wherein bacterial host cell protein is present at 200 μg/ml-10,000 μg/ml and wherein the antibody fragment is at a concentration of at least 1.5 g/L in said mixture, to cation exchange chromatography and subsequent elution, thereby producing a first eluate containing the antibody fragment; and
b) a second chromatography step wherein the first eluate is subjected to anion exchange chromatography to capture impurities and produce a flow through containing the antibody fragment.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process comprises not more than two chromatography steps.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein all chromatography steps are performed on a chromatography column.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cation exchange chromatography is performed in elution mode.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the first cation chromatography step comprises the following steps in sequential order:
a) loading a mixture containing an antibody fragment onto the cation exchange column,
b) washing the cation exchange column with a wash buffer wherein during the washing the conductivity, pH and salt concentration of the buffer remains essentially unchanged, and
c) eluting the antibody fragment with an elution buffer.
6. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the pH of the washing buffer is identical to the pH of the mixture containing an antibody fragment prior to first chromatography step.
7. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the mixture containing an antibody fragment, prior to the first chromatography step has a pH of between 4.0 to 5.0.
8. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the antibody fragment is eluted with a buffer that has a higher pH, a higher conductivity or both a higher pH and higher conductivity than the wash buffer.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cation exchange chromatography in the first chromatography step is performed at a flow rate of at least 300 cm/h.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cation exchange chromatography in the first chromatography step is performed at a conductivity of not more 6 mS/cm.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cation exchange chromatography in the first chromatography step is performed in a chromatography column comprising sulphonyl, sulphopropyl or carboxymethyl coupled to a resin.
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cation exchange chromatography column in the first chromatography step has a dynamic binding capacity for the antibody fragment of between 50 and 75 g/L resin.
13. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the cation exchange chromatography column resin in the first chromatography step has a mean particular size of at least 50 μm.
14. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in the cation exchange chromatography of the primary capture step between 5 and 100 g antibody fragment per liter resin are loaded.
15. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the anion exchange chromatography in the second chromatography step is performed on a resin comprising quaternary ammonium (Q), diethylaminoethyl (DEAF) or trimethylaminoethyl (TMAE).
16. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the antibody fragment is a Fab, Fab′ or scFv.
17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the Fab or Fab′ binds specifically to VEGF-A, FeRn, OX40, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor, C5, HER2/neu, TNFα, IL1β or CD40-L.
18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the Fab or Fab′ is abciximab, ranibizumab, pexelizumab, CDP870 or CDP7657.
19. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the antibody fragment recovered from the process contains host cell protein in an amount of not more than 150 parts per million.
20. The process according to claim 1 , said process further comprising ultrafiltration of the first eluate and ultrafiltration of the flow through containing the antibody fragment.