Field induced polymer electroluminescent (FIPEL) device
In one aspect, optoelectronic devices are described herein. In some embodiments, an optoelectronic device described herein includes a radiation transmissive first electrode, a second electrode, a light emitting organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a dielectric layer disposed between the light emitting organic layer and the first electrode and/or second electrode, and a phosphor layer disposed in an optical path of the light emitting organic layer, wherein the light emitting organic layer includes a singlet emitter phase and a triplet emitter phase.
1. A field induced polymer electroluminescent (FIPEL) device comprising:
a radiation transmissive first electrode;
a second electrode;
a light emitting organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a dielectric layer disposed between the light emitting organic layer and the second electrode; and
a phosphor layer disposed in an optical path of the light emitting organic layer,
wherein the light emitting organic layer comprises one or more conjugated polymers or oligomers, small molecules or mixtures thereof, and
wherein the one or more conjugated polymers or oligomers comprise a conjugated polymer or oligomer comprising at least two repeat units selected from the group consisting of repeating units A, B and C:
wherein represents points of attachment in the polymer chain or oligomer chain, X is selected from the group consisting of S, O, Se and NR 5 and R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-20 alkyl, C 2-20 alkenyl, C 8-12 alkyl and C 8-12 alkenyl and R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl and alkenyl of R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , R6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 and the aryl and heteroaryl of R 3 and R 4 are optionally independently substituted one or more times with a substituent selected from the group consisting of -alkyl, -alkenyl, -aryl, -heteroaryl, -alkyl-aryl, -alkyl-heteroaryl, -alkenyl-aryl and -alkenyl-heteroaryl.
2. The FIPEL device of claim 1 , wherein R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of pyridyl, pyranyl, pyridinyl, bipyridinyl, phenylpyridinyl, thienyl, furanyl, selenophenyl, fluorenyl, carbazolyl, pyrrolyl, quinolinyl, isoquionolinyl, purinyl, oxazolyl and isoxazolyl and oligomers thereof.
3. The FIPEL device of claim 1 , wherein the conjugated polymer or oligomer is of Formula (I):
wherein x and y are integers independently ranging from 1 to 10,000.
4. The FIPEL device of claim 1 , wherein the conjugated polymer or oligomer is of Formula (II):
wherein x and y are integers independently ranging from 1 to 10,000.
5. The FIPEL device of claim 1 , wherein the conjugated polymer or oligomer is of Formula (III):
wherein x and y are integers independently ranging from 1 to 10,000.
6. The FIPEL device of claim 1 , wherein the conjugated polymer or oligomer is of Formula (IV):
wherein x, y, and z are integers independently ranging from 1 to 10,000.
7. A field induced polymer electroluminescent (FIPEL) device comprising:
a radiation transmissive first electrode;
a second electrode;
a light emitting organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a dielectric layer disposed between the light emitting organic layer and the second electrode; and
a phosphor layer disposed in an optical path of the light emitting organic layer,
wherein the light emitting organic layer comprises one or more conjugated polymers or oligomers, small molecules or mixtures thereof, and
wherein the one or more conjugated polymers or oligomers comprises a structural unit of Formula (V):
wherein represents points of attachment in the polymer or oligomer chain and R 16 and R 17 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-20 alkyl, C 2-20 alkenyl, C 8-12 alkyl and C 8-12 alkenyl and wherein the alkyl and alkenyl of R 16 and R 17 are optionally independently substituted one or more times with a substituent selected from the group consisting of -alkyl, -alkenyl, -aryl, -heteroaryl, -alkyl-aryl, -alkyl-heteroaryl, -alkenyl-aryl and -alkenyl-heteroaryl.
8. A field induced polymer electroluminescent (FIPEL) device comprising:
a radiation transmissive first electrode;
a second electrode;
a light emitting organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a dielectric layer disposed between the light emitting organic layer and the second electrode; and
a phosphor layer disposed in an optical path of the light emitting organic layer,
wherein the phosphor layer is not positioned between the radiation transmissive first electrode and the second electrode.
9. A field induced polymer electroluminescent (FIPEL) device comprising:
a radiation transmissive first electrode;
a second electrode;
a light emitting organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a dielectric layer disposed between the light emitting organic layer and the second electrode; and
a phosphor layer disposed in an optical path of the light emitting organic layer,
wherein the absorption profile of the phosphor layer at least partially overlaps the emission profile of the light emitting organic layer.
10. The FIPEL device of claim 9 , wherein the light emitting organic layer is a composite organic layer comprising a singlet emitter phase and a triplet emitter phase.
11. The FIPEL device of claim 10 , wherein the emission profile of the device comprises emission from the singlet emitter phase, emission from the triplet emitter phase, and emission from the phosphor layer.
12. The FIPEL device of claim 11 , wherein the emission from the singlet emitter phase is substantially equal in intensity to emission from the triplet emitter phase.
13. The FIPEL device of claim 11 , wherein the emission profile of the device exhibits coordinates substantially in the white light region of the 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, exhibiting a color rendering index of greater than 80.
14. The FIPEL device of claim 9 , wherein the light emitting organic layer further comprises a nanoparticle phase.
15. The FIPEL device of claim 14 , wherein a nanoparticle of the nanoparticle phase is associated with a phosphorescent transition metal complex.
16. The FIPEL device of claim 14 , wherein the nanoparticle phase comprises carbon nanoparticles.
17. The FIPEL device of claim 9 , wherein the light emitting organic layer further comprises a non-conjugated polymeric host material.
18. The FIPEL device of claim 17 , wherein the polymeric host material is selected from the group consisting of a polystyrene, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polymethylmethacryalte, polycarbonate or mixtures thereof.
19. The FIPEL device of claim 9 , wherein the second electrode is metal and the dielectric layer is positioned between the radiation transmissive first electrode and the light emitting organic layer or between the second electrode and the light emitting organic layer.
20. The FIPEL device of claim 9 , wherein the second electrode is metal and the dielectric layer is positioned between the second electrode and the light emitting organic layer, the device further comprising a second dielectric layer positioned between the radiation transmissive first electrode and the light emitting organic layer.
21. The FIPEL device of claim 9 , wherein the phosphor layer is positioned between the light emitting organic layer and the dielectric layer.
22. The FIPEL device of claim 9 , wherein the emission profile of the device comprises emission from the light emitting organic layer and emission from the phosphor layer.
23. The FIPEL device of claim 22 , wherein the light emitting organic layer comprises one or more conjugated polymers or oligomers, small molecules or mixtures thereof, and wherein the one or more conjugated polymers or oligomers comprise a conjugated polymer or oligomer comprising at least two repeat units selected from the group consisting of repeating units A, B and C:
wherein represents points of attachment in the polymer chain or oligomer chain, X is selected from the group consisting of S, O, Se and NR 5 and R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-20 alkyl, C 2-20 alkenyl, C 8-12 alkyl and C 8-12 alkenyl and R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl and alkenyl of R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 and the aryl and heteroaryl of R 3 and R 4 are optionally independently substituted one or more times with a substituent selected from the group consisting of -alkyl, -alkenyl, -aryl, -heteroaryl, -alkyl-aryl, -alkyl-heteroaryl, -alkenyl-aryl and -alkenyl-heteroaryl.