Thermoplastic polymer compositions including silica-containing nucleating agents
The embodiments disclosed herein relate to thermoplastic polymer compositions that comprise a thermoplastic and nucleating agents, such as silica-containing nucleating agents. The polymer compositions provide improved properties relating to processing, dimensional and thermal stability, improved crystalline structure, and flame retardant properties. The thermoplastic polymer compositions are useful, for example, for carpet backing applications. It is a further feature of the embodiments to provide carpet backing compositions and carpet tiles prepared using the thermoplastic polymer composition, as well as methods of making the carpet tiles.
1. A carpet or carpet tile comprising:
a backing material which comprises a plurality of carpet backing yarns, carpet cloths or non-woven fabrics; and
a carpet backing composition applied to the backing material and consisting of:
at least one thermoplastic polyester that is crystalline or semi-crystalline in nature and is present in the composition in an amount from 40 weight percent to 60 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition; and
a nucleating agent providing nucleation sites therefor and that is ground glass, crushed glass, or mixtures or combinations thereof,
wherein the nucleating agent having has a particle size from about 40 mesh to about 250 mesh, and the nucleating agent is present in the carpet backing composition in an amount greater than 40 weight percent and up to about 60 weight percent based on the total weight of the carpet backing composition,
wherein the carpet backing composition has at least one of the properties selected from the group consisting of an MT4 value of less than about 0.125 and a CT4 value of less than about 0.1, when measured according to the AACHEN Test, a surface tackiness disappearance time of less than about 1 hour, a time to backing rigidity of less than about 75 hours, a time to ignition of greater than about 13 seconds, and a time to self-extinguish of less than about 60 seconds.
2. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 1 , wherein the nucleating agent has a mesh size of about 50 to about 70 mesh.
3. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 1 , wherein the nucleating agent has a mesh size from about 40 mesh to about 60 mesh.
4. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 1 , wherein the carpet backing composition has a viscosity of less than 300,000 centipoise at 325° F.
5. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 1 , wherein the carpet backing composition has a viscosity of less than 75,000 centipoise at 325° F.
6. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 1 , wherein the at least one thermoplastic polyester is selected from the group consisting of esters of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), esters of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and combinations thereof.
7. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 1 , wherein the nucleating agent is present in the carpet backing composition in an amount of about 50 weight percent based on the total weight of the carpet backing composition.
8. A carpet or carpet tile comprising:
a backing material which comprises a plurality of carpet backing yarns, carpet cloths or non-woven fabrics; and
a carpet backing composition applied to the backing material and comprising a thermoplastic polyester that is crystalline or semi-crystalline in nature, and
a nucleating agent providing nucleation sites therefor and that is ground glass, crushed glass, or mixtures or combinations thereof,
wherein the thermoplastic polyester is present in the composition in an amount from 40 weight percent to 60 weight percent based on the total weight of the carpet backing composition, w
herein the nucleating agent has a size from about 40 mesh to about 60 mesh, and the nucleating agent is present in the composition in an amount greater than 40 weight percent and up to 60 weight percent, based on the total weight of the carpet backing composition,
wherein the carpet backing composition, in the absence of a fiberglass matt, has an MT4 value of less than about 0.125 and a CT4 value of less than about 0.1, when measured according to the AACHEN Test.
9. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 8 , wherein the carpet backing composition further comprises a dispersing agent.
10. The carpet or carpet tile of claim 8 , wherein the carpet backing composition further comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of fire retardants, fillers, weighters, oxidization stabilizers, antibacterial agents, antimicrobial agents, antifungal agents, UV stabilizers, and combinations thereof.
11. A method of making a carpet backing for a carpet or carpet tile comprising:
providing a backing material comprising a plurality of carpet backing yarns, carpet cloths or non-woven fabrics;
admixing a thermoplastic polyester that is crystalline or semi-crystalline in nature, and
a nucleating agent that is ground glass, crushed glass, or a combination of the ground or crushed glass, to form a carpet backing composition,
wherein the thermoplastic polyester is present in the composition in an amount from 40 weight percent to 60 weight percent based on the total weight of the carpet backing composition,
wherein the nucleating agent has a particle size from about 40 mesh to about 60 mesh, and the nucleating agent is present in the composition in an amount of greater than 40 weight percent and up to about 60 weight percent, based on the total weight of the carpet backing composition;
heating the carpet backing composition to a temperature such that the carpet backing composition has a viscosity of less than 300,000 centipoise at 325° F.; and
applying the carpet backing composition to the backing material to form a carpet backing for a carpet or carpet tile.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the carpet backing composition, in the absence of a fiberglass matt, has an MT4 value of less than about 0.125 and a CT4 value of less than about 0.1, when measured according to the AACHEN Test.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the carpet backing composition is heated to a temperature such that the composition has a viscosity of less than 75,000 centipoise at 325° F.