Substituted phenacyl molecules and photoresponsive polymers
Substituted phenacyl molecules are provided and employed to create molecules and polymers/copolymers that exhibit photoresponsiveness. In some instances, the substituted phenacyl molecule is incorporated into the polymer/copolymer backbone, and photoirradiation of the polymer/copolymer causes the substituted phenacyl group to break down and the polymer/copolymer to undergo degradation. In other instances, the substituted phenacyl molecules extend as a side chain from the polymer/copolymer backbone. In yet other instances the substituted phenacyl molecules extend as a side chain from the polymer/copolymer backbone, and a drug or polymer additive is linked to the photoresponsive substituted phenacyl group such that photoirradiation releases the drug or additive. In yet other embodiments the substituted phenacyl molecules extend as a side chain from the polymer/copolymer backbone, and serve to link the polymer/copolymer to another polymer/copolymer backbone, and photoirradiation breaks the links.
1. A substituted phenacyl composition of matter according to the following structure:
wherein R 1 is an alkyl chain of from C1 to C10; R 2 is —COOH; R 3 through R 9 are hydrogen, and Z 1 is at the para-position and is O; or
wherein R1 is an alkyl chain of from C1 to C10; R 2 is a group of atoms containing at least one functional group; R 3 through R 8 are selected from H, Cl, Br, F, alkyl, vinyl, alkynyl, aryl, or alkoxy groups, O—R 9 is selected from an ester group, a carbonate group, a phosphate group, a sulfate group and sulfinate group, and Z 1 may be at the ortho-, meta- or para-position and is selected from O, S, HNC═O or R 10 NC═O, wherein R 10 is selected from any atom or group of atoms.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R 1 an alkyl chain of from C1 to C10, R 2 is —COOH, and Z 1 is oxygen.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein R 1 is CH 2 .
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R 3 through R 8 are selected from H, Cl, Br, F, alkyl, vinyl, alkynyl, aryl, or alkoxy groups, O—R 9 is selected from an ester group, a carbonate group, a phosphate group, a sulfate group and sulfinate group.
5. A polymer, macromolecule, copolymer, oligomer, dendrimer, dendron, or macrocycle that includes one or more following structural unit(s):
wherein R 1 is a bond or an alkyl chain of from C1 to C10; R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 may be any atom or group of atoms; Z 1 may be at the ortho, meta or para position and is selected from O, S, HNC═O or R 10 NC═O, wherein R 10 is selected from any atom or group of atoms; and wherein
(a) R 9 is selected from RC═O, wherein R represents any substitution, or
(b) O—R9 is selected from an ester group, a carbonate group, a phosphate group, a sulfate group and sulfinate group.
6. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein R 9 is selected from RC═O, wherein R represents any substitution.
7. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein O—R 9 is selected from an ester group, a carbonate group, a phosphate group, a sulfate group and sulfinate group.
8. The composition of matter of claim 7 , wherein R 3 through R 8 are hydrogen, and Z 1 is oxygen and is at the para position.
9. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein R 1 is a bond, R 9 is the next repeating unit, and the composition is a polycarbonate homopolymer having the following structure:
wherein R 3 through R 8 may be any atom or group of atoms and n is any number of repeating units.
10. The polycarbonate polymer of claim 9 , wherein R 3 through R 8 are hydrogen.
11. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein the composition is a polycarbonate polymer having the following structure:
wherein R 1 is alkyl chain of from C1 to C10; R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 may be any atom or group of atoms, n is any number of repeating units.
12. The polycarbonate polymer of claim 11 , wherein R 1 is a propylene chain (C 3 H 6 ) and R 3 through R 8 are hydrogen.
13. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein the composition is a polycarbonate copolymer having the following structure:
wherein R 1 is alkyl chain of from C1 to C10; R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 may be any atom or group of atoms; n is any number of repeating units; “Repeating Unit” is a repeating unit contributed by a comonomer or copolymer; m is any number of repeating units; wherein the n and m repeating units are in statistical arrangement.
14. The polycarbonate copolymer of claim 13 , wherein R 1 is a propylene chain (C 3 H 6 ) and R 3 through R 8 are hydrogen.
15. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein the composition is a polyester polymer comprising the following structure:
wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 may be any atom or group of atoms, R 1 is an alkyl chain of from C1 or more to C10 or less, and n represents any number of repeating units.
16. The polyester polymer of claim 15 , wherein R 3 through R 8 are hydrogen and R 1 is methylene (CH 2 ).
17. The polyester polymer of claim 15 , wherein the polymer is a copolymer comprising the structure thereof as part of the polymer.
18. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein the composition is a polyester polymer comprising the following structure:
wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 may be any atom or group of atoms, R 1 is an alkyl chain of from C1 to C10, R 12 is either a bond between the two carbonyl groups or is an alkyl chain of from C1 to C10, and n is any number of repeating units.
19. The polyester polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 3 through R 8 are hydrogen, R 1 is a propylene chain (C 3 H 6 ) and R 12 is a butylene chain (C 4 H 8 ).
20. The polyester polymer of claim 18 , wherein the polymer is a copolymer comprising the structure thereof as part of the polymer.
21. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein R 1 links the structural unit thereof to a polymer chain, and R 9 is part of a drug molecule, part of an additive, or part of a sensitizer.
22. The composition of matter of claim 5 , wherein R 1 and R 9 individually links the structural unit thereof to a polymer chain, and the structural unit thereof serves as a linker of the polymer chains, wherein the polymer chains could be same or different.