Turbulent jet ignition pre-chamber combustion system for spark ignition engines
An ignition system for an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber where the ignition system includes a housing, an ignition device, an injector, and a pre-chamber having a nozzle disposed spaced from the proximal portion of the pre-chamber. The igniter portion of the ignition device and the nozzle of the injector are operatively supported in the proximal portion of the pre-chamber and disposed flush therewith. The igniter portion ignites the fuel in pre-chamber such that partially combusted pre-chamber products are forced through orifices in the pre-chamber nozzle and extinguish, but dispersed through the combustion chamber so as to ignite the main fuel charge therein.
1. An ignition system for an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber, said ignition system comprising:
a housing defined in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, said housing defining a pre-chamber;
an ignition device supported in said housing and having an igniter portion that substantially faces said pre-chamber;
an injector supported in said housing and having a nozzle that substantially faces said pre-chamber;
said pre-chamber defining a proximal portion and a pre-chamber nozzle disposed spaced from said proximal portion of said pre-chamber, said pre-chamber nozzle including a plurality of orifices having a diameter in a range between 0.7 mm to 2.0 mm and disposed spaced from one another and providing fluid communication between said pre-chamber and the combustion chamber;
said igniter portion of said ignition device and said nozzle of said injector operatively supported in the proximal portion of the pre-chamber such that said injector delivers a predetermined quantity of fuel into said pre-chamber, said igniter portion ignites the fuel in said pre-chamber such that the ignited fuel is forced through said orifices of said pre-chamber nozzle and extinguished, but dispersed through the combustion chamber so as to ignite the main fuel charge therein.
2. The ignition system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said pre-chamber defines a predetermined volume and the ratio of the orifice diameters to the pre-chamber volume is in a range between 0.048 l/cm 2 to 0.067 l/cm 2 .
3. The ignition system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said pre-chamber nozzle defines a longitudinal axis, said orifices disposed about said longitudinal axis in spaced relation with respect to each other.
4. An internal combustion engine comprising:
an engine block including at least one cylinder, a piston supported for repeated reciprocal movement in said cylinder, and a cylinder head;
said piston, cylinder and cylinder head cooperating to define at least one combustion chamber;
said cylinder head including at least one intake port through which the main fuel air charge may flow into said combustion chamber and at least one exhaust port through which the products of combustion may exit said combustion chamber;
said internal combustion engine further including an ignition system, said ignition system including a housing operatively supported in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, said housing defining a pre-chamber;
an ignition device supported in said housing and having an igniter portion that substantially faces said pre-chamber;
an injector supported in said housing and having a nozzle that substantially faces said pre-chamber;
said pre-chamber defining a proximal portion and a pre-chamber nozzle disposed spaced from said proximal portion of said pre-chamber, said pre-chamber nozzle including a plurality of orifices having a diameter in a range between 0.7 mm to 2.0 mm and disposed spaced from one another and providing fluid communication between said pre-chamber and the combustion chamber;
said igniter portion of said ignition device and said nozzle of said injector operatively supported in the proximal portion of the pre-chamber such that said injector delivers a predetermined quantity of fuel into said pre-chamber, said igniter portion ignites the fuel in said pre-chamber such that the ignited fuel is forced through said orifices of said pre-chamber nozzle and extinguished, but dispersed through the combustion chamber so as to ignite the main fuel charge therein.
5. The internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 4 wherein said pre-chamber defines a predetermined volume and the ratio of the orifice diameters to the pre-chamber volume is in a range between 0.048 l/cm 2 to 0.067 l/cm 2 .
6. The internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 4 wherein said pre-chamber nozzle defines a longitudinal axis, said orifices disposed about said longitudinal axis in spaced relation with respect to each other.