Waterproof breathable composite materials for fabrication of flexible membranes and other articles
A waterproof breathable material has a higher strength-to-weight ratio and higher tear resistance-to-weight ratio than traditional materials, and may be applied in a wide field of potential uses. A non-woven composite material comprises at least one waterproof breathable (W/B) membrane, a first unidirectional non-woven composite layer having multiple fibers enclosed by adhesive in parallel to each other, a second unidirectional non-woven composite layer having multiple fibers enclosed in adhesive in parallel to each other. The first unidirectional non-woven composite layer is positioned such that the fibers are oriented 90° relative to the fibers of the second unidirectional non-woven composite layer, and a space is formed between the first and second multiple fibers. No adhesive is present in the space.
1. A non-woven composite material comprising:
at least one waterproof breathable membrane; and
a first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a first set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, said first set of parallel fibers having spaces in between; and
wherein said spaces between said first set of parallel fibers are filled with said waterproof breathable polymer, and wherein said waterproof breathable membrane is bonded to said waterproof breathable polymer.
2. The non-woven composite material of claim 1 , further comprising a second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a second set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, said second set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-waterproof breathable adhesive, wherein said second layer is bonded to either said first layer or said waterproof breathable membrane, wherein said first and second sets of parallel fibers are 90° relative to one another, and wherein spaces between said second set of parallel fibers are absent said non-waterproof breathable adhesive.
3. The non-woven composite material of claim 1 , further comprising a second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a second set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, wherein said second layer is bonded to either said first layer or said waterproof breathable membrane, wherein said first and second sets of parallel fibers are 90° relative to one another, and wherein spaces between said second set of parallel fibers are filled with said waterproof breathable polymer.
4. The non-woven composite material of claim 1 , wherein said first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprises a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
5. The non-woven composite material of claim 1 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
6. The non-woven composite material of claim 2 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
7. The non-woven composite material of claim 2 , wherein said at least one waterproof breathable membrane number at least two, one of which is bonded to said first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer, the other of which is bonded to said second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer.
8. The non-woven composite material of claim 3 , wherein said at least one waterproof breathable membrane number at least two, one of which is bonded to said first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer, the other of which is bonded to said second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer.
9. The non-woven composite material of claim 2 , wherein at least one of said first or second unidirectional fiber reinforced layers comprises a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
10. The non-woven composite material of claim 3 , wherein at least one of said first or second unidirectional fiber reinforced layers comprises a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
11. The non-woven composite material of claim 2 , further comprising a third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a third set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, said third set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-waterproof breathable adhesive, wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first and second layers such that said third set of parallel fibers are 45° relative to said first set of parallel fibers, wherein spaces between said third set of parallel fibers are absent said non-waterproof breathable adhesive, and wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said waterproof breathable membrane, first layer, or second layer.
12. The non-woven composite material of claim 2 , further comprising a third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a third set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first and second layers such that said third set of parallel fibers are 45° relative to said first set of parallel fibers, wherein spaces between said third set of parallel fibers are filled with said waterproof breathable polymer, and wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said waterproof breathable membrane, first layer, or second layer.
13. The non-woven composite material of claim 3 , further comprising a third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a third set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, said third set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-waterproof breathable adhesive, wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first and second layers such that said third set of parallel fibers are 45° relative to said first set of parallel fibers, wherein spaces between said third set of parallel fibers are absent said non-waterproof breathable adhesive, and wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said waterproof breathable membrane, first layer, or second layer.
14. The non-woven composite material of claim 3 , further comprising a third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a third set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first and second layers such that said third set of parallel fibers are 45° relative to said first set of parallel fibers, wherein spaces between said third set of parallel fibers are filled with said waterproof breathable polymer, and wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said waterproof breathable membrane, first layer, or second layer.
15. The non-woven composite material of claim 13 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
16. The non-woven composite material of claim 14 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
17. The non-woven composite material of claim 13 , wherein at least one of said first, second or third unidirectional fiber reinforced layers comprise a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
18. The non-woven composite material of claim 14 , wherein at least one of said first, second or third unidirectional fiber reinforced layers comprise a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
19. The non-woven composite material of claim 13 , further comprising a fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a fourth set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, said fourth set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-waterproof breathable adhesive, wherein said fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first, second and third layers such that said fourth set of parallel fibers are 90° relative to said third set of parallel fibers, wherein spaces between said fourth set of parallel fibers are absent said non-waterproof breathable adhesive, and wherein said fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said waterproof breathable membrane, first layer, second layer, or third layer.
20. The non-woven composite material of claim 14 , further comprising a fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a fourth set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable polymer, wherein said fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first, second and third layers such that said fourth set of parallel fibers are 90° relative to said third set of parallel fibers, wherein spaces between said fourth set of parallel fibers are filled with said waterproof breathable polymer; and wherein said fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said waterproof breathable membrane, first layer, second layer, or third layer.