Process for making a patterned metal oxide structure
There is provided a process for making a patterned metal oxide structure comprising the step of heating an imprint structure comprising a polymerized organometallic compound to remove organic material and thereby form the patterned metal oxide structure, wherein the imprint structure is formed by polymerizing a resist mixture comprising at least one olefinic polymerizable compound and a polymerizable organometallic compound having, e.g., at least one carboxylate of Formula 1: wherein n is 1-12; and each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloakyl, cycloakenyl, aryl, and aralkyl.
1. A process for making a patterned metal oxide structure comprising the steps of:
(a) polymerizing a resist mixture, while in contact with a mold having imprint forming patterns thereon, to thereby form an imprint structure comprising a polymerized organometallic compound, said resist mixture comprising at least one olefinic polymerizable compound and a polymerizable organometallic compound having at least one carboxylate of Formula 1:
wherein
n is 1-12; and
each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloakenyl, aryl, and aralkyl; and
(b) heating said imprint structure to remove organic material and thereby form said patterned metal oxide structure.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polymerizing said resist mixture comprises irradiating said resist mixture.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein said irradiating comprises UV irradiating.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said resist mixture further comprises a radical initiator.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein said radical initiator is a photo-initiator.
6. The process of claim 5 , wherein said photo-initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoins, benzils, benzophenones, acetophenones, and diaryl iodonium salts.
7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of depositing said resist mixture on a substrate surface.
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein said depositing step comprises the step of drop dispensing.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein said heating step is undertaken at a temperature of at least 400° C.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein said olefinic polymerizable compound decreases the viscosity of the resist mixture.
11. The process of claim 10 , wherein said viscosity of said resist mixture is in the range of 1 mPas to 20 mPas.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein said organometallic compound comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Group IV metals, Group V metals, Group VIII metals, Group X metals, Group XI metals, and Group XII metals of the Periodic Table of Elements.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide present in said patterned metal oxide structure is selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , Nb 2 O 5 , and Ta 2 O 5 .
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein said olefinic polymerizable compound is selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, fluoroalkyl acrylates, fluoroalkyl methacrylates, ethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylates, ethylene glycol dimethyacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylates, alkyl vinyl ethers, and fluoroalkyl vinyl ethers.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polymerizable organometallic compound is selected from the group consisting of titanium(IV) tetra(3-butenoate), zirconium(IV) tetra(3-butenoate), iron(III) tri(3-butenoate), neodymium(III) tri(3-butenoate), tantalum (V)penta(3-butenoate).
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein said patterned metal oxide structure has features on the nanometer or micrometer scale.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein said resist mixture comprises 30-60% by weight of said polymerizable organometallic compound, 35-65% by weight of at least one polymerizable olefinic compound, and about 1-5% by weight of said radical initiator.
18. A process for forming a plurality of patterned metal oxide structures comprising the steps of:
(a) polymerizing a resist mixture, while in contact with a mold having imprint forming patterns thereon, to thereby form an imprint structure comprising a polymerized organometallic compound on a first area of a substrate, said resist mixture comprising at least one olefinic polymerizable compound and a polymerizable organometallic compound having at least one carboxylate of Formula 1:
wherein
n is 1-12; and
each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloakenyl, aryl, and aralkyl;
(b) heating said imprint structure on said first area to remove organic material and thereby form said patterned metal oxide structure on said first area; and
(c) repeating steps (a) and (b) on a second area of said substrate in order to form said plurality of patterned metal oxide structures throughout the substrate.