Composite structure, product using same, and method for producing composite structure
A composite structure disclosed includes a base (X) and a layer (Y) stacked on the base (X). The layer (Y) includes a reaction product (R). The reaction product (R) is a reaction product formed by a reaction at least between a metal oxide (A) and a phosphorus compound (B). A peak for a binding energy of an oxygen-atom 1s orbital observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer (Y) is located at 532.0 eV or higher, and the peak has a half width of less than 2.0 eV.
1. A composite structure, comprising:
a base (X), and
a layer (Y) stacked on the base (X),
wherein
the layer (Y) comprises a reaction product (R),
the reaction product (R) is obtained by a process comprising: reacting at least a metal oxide (A) and a phosphorus compound (B), and
a peak for a binding energy of an oxygen-atom 1s orbital observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer (Y) is located at 532.0 eV or higher, and the peak has a half width of less than 2.0 eV.
2. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein a sum of number of metal atoms (M) of the metal oxide (A), number of oxygen atoms, and number of phosphorus atoms accounts for 60% or more of a total number of atoms in the layer (Y) calculated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
3. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide (A) is a hydrolytic condensate of a compound (L) comprising: a metal atom (M), and a hydrolyzable characteristic group bonded to the metal atom (M).
4. The composite structure according to claim 3 , wherein the compound (L) comprises a compound (L 1 ) represented by formula (I):
M 1 X 1 m R 1 (n-m) (I),
wherein:
M 1 is a metal atom selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, and Zr;
each X 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, R 2 O—, R 3 C(═O)O—, (R 4 C(═O)) 2 CH—, and NO 3 ;
each R 1 , each R 2 , each R 3 , and each R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and an alkenyl group;
n is equal to a valence of M 1 ; and
m represents an integer of from 1 to n.
5. The composite structure according to claim 4 , wherein
the metal atom M 1 in the formula (I) is aluminum, and
a peak for a binding energy of an aluminum-atom 2p orbital observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer (Y) is located at 74.5 eV or higher, and the peak has a half width of less than 2.0 eV.
6. The composite structure according to claim 4 , wherein the compound (L 1 ) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aluminum triisopropoxide and aluminum tri-s-butoxide.
7. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus compound (B) comprises a plurality of sites reactable with the metal oxide (A).
8. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus compound (B) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphonic acid, and derivatives thereof.
9. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein, in the layer (Y), a molar number N M of metal atoms (M) of the metal oxide (A) and a molar number N p of phosphorus atoms derived from the phosphorus compound (B) satisfy a relation of 1.0≦N M /N P ≦3.6.
10. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the layer (Y) further comprises a polymer (C) comprising at least one functional group (f) selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a carboxylic acid anhydride group, and a salt of a carboxyl group.
11. The composite structure according to claim 10 , wherein the polymer (C) is at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, a polysaccharide, polyacrylic acid, a salt of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and a salt of polymethacrylic acid.
12. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the base (X) comprises at least one layer selected from the group consisting of a thermoplastic resin film layer, a paper layer, and an inorganic deposited layer.
13. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the layer (Y) is stacked on both surfaces of the base (X).
14. The composite structure according to claim 1 , having a moisture permeability under conditions of 40° C. and 90/0% RH is 0.1 g/(m 2 ·day) or less.
15. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein when a moisture permeability under conditions of 85° C. and 85/0% RH is measured continuously for 100 hours, an average moisture permeability during a period from 0 to 100 hours of said composite structure is 5 g/(m 2 ·day) or less.
16. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein when a moisture permeability under conditions of 85° C. and 85/0% RH is measured continuously for 2000 hours, an average moisture permeability during a period from 1900 to 2000 hours of said composite structure is 5 g/(m 2 ·day) or less.
17. A product, comprising the composite structure according to claim 1 ,
wherein the composite structure is suitable as a packaging material, a solar cell component, or a display device component.
18. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the peak for a binding energy of an oxygen-atom 1s orbital observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer (Y) is located at 532.0 eV to 533.0 eV, and the half width of the peak is in the range of 1.4 eV to 1.9 eV.
19. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein the peak for a binding energy of an oxygen-atom 1s orbital observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer (Y) is located at 532.5 eV or higher, and the peak has a half width of less than 1.7 eV.
20. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein a total thickness of all layers (Y) is 4.0 μm or less.
21. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein a total thickness of all layers (Y) is 2.0 μm or less.
22. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein a total thickness of all layers (Y) is 0.9 μm or less.
23. The composite structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the metal oxide (A) is a hydrolytic condensate of a compound (L) comprising: a metal atom (M), and a hydrolyzable characteristic group bonded to the metal atom (M);
compound (L) comprises a compound (L 1 ) represented by formula (I):
M 1 X 1 m R 1 (n-m) (I),
wherein:
M 1 is a metal atom selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, and Zr;
each X 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, R 2 O—, R 3 C(═O)O—, (R 4 C(═O)) 2 CH—, and NO 3 ;
each R 1 , each R 2 , each R 3 , and each R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and an alkenyl group;
n is equal to a valence of M 1 ; and
m represents an integer of from 1 to n;
a total thickness of all layers (Y) is 4.0 μm or less; and
wherein said composite structure has at least one of the following moisture permeabilities a)-c):
a) a moisture permeability under conditions of 40° C. and 90/0% RH of 0.1 g/(m 2 ·day) or less;
b) a moisture permeability under conditions of 85° C. and 85/0% RH measured continuously for 100 hours, an average moisture permeability during a period from 0 to 100 hours of 5 g/(m 2 ·day) or less;
c) a moisture permeability under conditions of 85° C. and 85/0% RH measured continuously for 2000 hours, an average moisture permeability during a period from 1900 to 2000 hours of 5 g/(m 2 ·day) or less.
24. The composite structure according to claim 23 , wherein
the metal atom M 1 in the formula (I) is aluminum, and
a peak for a binding energy of an aluminum-atom 2p orbital observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer (Y) is located at 74.5 eV or higher, and the peak has a half width of less than 2.0 eV.
25. The composite structure according to claim 23 , wherein the compound (L 1 ) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aluminum triisopropoxide and aluminum tri-s-butoxide.
26. The composite structure according to claim 23 , wherein the peak for a binding energy of an oxygen-atom 1s orbital observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer (Y) is located at 532.0 eV to 533.0 eV, and the half width of the peak is in the range of 1.4 eV to 1.9 eV.