Spot-size conversion optical waveguide
A spot-size-converting optical waveguide includes a core portion. A first core portion of the core portion has a first straight portion and a first tapered portion. The first straight portion extends in a direction, having width and height that are approximately constant in the direction, and the first tapered portion is continuous with the first straight portion and decreases in width and height toward a termination portion. A second core portion of the core portion has a straight-portion-coating portion, a tapered-portion-coating portion, and a second tapered portion, the straight-portion-coating portion covers the first straight portion, the tapered-portion-coating portion covers the first tapered portion continuously with the straight-portion-coating portion and decreases in width and height along the first tapered portion's shape, and the second tapered portion increases in width and height toward the direction. A refractive index of the second core portion is lower than that of the first core portion.
1. A spot-size-converting optical waveguide comprising:
a cladding portion; and
a core portion disposed in the cladding portion, a refractive index of the core portion being higher than a refractive index of the cladding portion, wherein
the core portion includes a first core portion and a second core portion,
the first core portion has a first straight portion and a first tapered portion,
the first straight portion extends in a predetermined direction and has width and height that are approximately constant in the extension direction, and the first tapered portion is formed to be continuous with the first straight portion and decreases in width and height toward a termination portion,
the second core portion has a straight-portion-coating portion, a tapered-portion-coating portion, and a second tapered portion, the straight-portion-coating portion is formed to cover the first straight portion of the first core portion, the tapered-portion-coating portion is formed to cover the first tapered portion of the first core portion continuously with the straight-portion-coating portion and decreases in width and height along a shape of the first tapered portion, and the second tapered portion increases in width and height toward the extension direction,
a light-outputting surface is formed at an end portion of the second core portion, and a refractive index of the second core portion is lower than a refractive index of the first core portion.
2. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein a relative refractive-index difference of the first core portion relative to the cladding portion is 2.5% to 12%, and a relative refractive-index difference of the second core portion relative to the cladding portion is 0.3% to 1.8%.
3. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the light-outputting surface of the second core portion is rectangular-shaped of which length of one side is 8 μm to 14 μm.
4. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the width and height of the tapered-portion-coating portion of the second core portion are greater than the width and height of the first tapered portion of the first core portion and make the predetermined wavelength of light propagate in a single-mode.
5. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the second core portion has a side portion expanding in a width direction of the straight-portion-coating portion, and a width of the side portion is greater than 0 μm and equal to or less than 2 μm.
6. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the second core portion has a coupling portion coupling the tapered-portion-coating portion to the second tapered portion, and a width of the coupling portion is greater than a width of the tapered-portion-coating portion by 0 μm to 2 μm.
7. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the second core portion has a coupling portion coupling the tapered-portion-coating portion to the second tapered portion, a termination portion of the tapered-portion-coating portion of the second core portion forms a gap to the coupling portion, and a height of the gap is greater than 0 μm.
8. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein a separation distance from the termination portion of the first tapered portion to the second tapered portion is greater than −100 μm where the extension direction is a positive direction.
9. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein a length of the first tapered portion is equal to or longer than 300 μm.
10. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein a length of the second tapered portion is equal to or longer than 200 μm.
11. The spot-size-converting optical waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the second core portion further has a second straight portion formed to be continuous with the second tapered portion, width and height of the second straight portion are approximately constant in the extension direction, and a light-outputting surface is formed at an end portion of the second straight portion.