Connection means with shape memory
A connector is disclosed for providing a positive and/or a non-positive connection between at least two connecting partners. The connector or connecting means has at least one first region which engages with the first connecting partner by way of a positive and/or a non-positive connection, and at least one second region is provided which engages with the at least second connecting partner by way of a positive and/or a non-positive connection. The connecting means provides a positive and/or non-positive connection between at least two connecting partners in a simple and inexpensive manner and which meets high safety requirements. The second region of the connecting means has a region which is formed from an at least partially flat material made of an Fe alloy with shape memory characteristics and which, when activated, ensures the positive and/or non-positive connection with the second connecting partner by way of a change in shape.
1. A connector for providing a positive and/or a non-positive connection between at least two connecting partners comprising at least one first region which engages with a first connecting partner by way of a positive and/or a non-positive connection, and at least one second region which engages with at least a second connecting partner by way of a positive and/or a non-positive connection, wherein at least the second region of the connector has a region which is initially formed from an at least partially flat shaped metal sheet that is subsequently formed into a tubular shape comprising an iron alloy with shape memory characteristics and which, when activated, provides the positive and/or non-positive connection with the second connecting partner by way of a change of the tubular shape; and
wherein the at least one second region of the connector defines a longitudinal slot and at least one transverse slot when the shaped metal sheet is activated.
2. The connector as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, as shape memory alloy, use is made of a Fe—Mn alloy, Fe—Mn—Si alloy, a Fe—Mn—Si—Cr alloy or a Fe—Mn—Si—Cr—Ni alloy.
3. The connector as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the shape memory alloy comprises, aside from iron and inevitable impurities, the following alloy elements in wt %:
12%≦Mn≦45%,
1%≦Si≦10%,
Cr≦20%,
Ni≦20%,
Mo≦20%,
Cu≦20%,
Co≦20%,
Al≦10%,
Mg≦10%,
Ti≦2%,
Nb≦2%,
W≦2%,
C≦1%,
N≦51%,
P≦0.3%,
Zr≦0.3%,
B≦0.01%.
4. The connector as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the shape memory alloy comprises, aside from iron and inevitable impurities, the following alloy elements in wt %:
25%≦Mn≦32%,
3%≦Si≦8%,
3%≦Cr≦6%,
Ni≦3%,
C≦0.07%, preferably 0.01%≦C≦0.07%, and/or
N≦0.07%, preferably 0.01%≦N≦0.07%,
0.1%≦Ti≦1.5%
0.1%≦Nb≦1.5% or 0.1%≦W≦1.5%
0.1%≦V≦1.5%.
5. The connector as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, in the at least one first region of the connector, there are provided positive connecting elements for forming a positive connection with the first connecting partner.
6. The connector as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the positive connecting elements are detachably connected to the at least one first region of the connector, and wherein, in the at least one first region of the connector, there is provided a thread for detachable fastening of the positive connecting elements.
7. The connector as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one second region of the connector has a tip generated as a result of cutting of the shaped metal sheet.
8. A connector for providing a positive and/or a non-positive connection between at least two connecting partners comprising at least one first region which engages with a first connecting partner by way of a positive and/or a non-positive connection, and at least one second region which engages with at least a second connecting partner by way of a positive and/or a non-positive connection, wherein at least the second region of the connector has a region which is initially formed from an at least partially flat shaped metal sheet that is subsequently formed into a tubular shape comprising an iron alloy with shape memory characteristics and which, when activated, provides the positive and/or non-positive connection with the second connecting partner by way of a change of the tubular shape; and
wherein the at least one second region of the connector has an end in the form of a cutting tip or drilling head, and the at least one second region at least partially has profilings for discharging material.
9. The connector as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one second region of the connector is formed by a longitudinally slotted shaped metal sheet comprised of a shape memory alloy.
10. The connector as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the longitudinal slot of the shaped metal sheet is of triangular form and the shaped metal sheet is cold-formed to form a conical tip.
11. The connector as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the connector is one of a rock anchor, a rock bolt, an excavation support, a plug, a fixing and installation anchor, and a ground fastening anchor.