Heat exchanger for heating hydrochloric acid pickling solution, a system and method for pickling, and a method of manufacturing steel products
A component for a steel pickling apparatus is formed from an alloy that predominately comprises niobium and tantalum. The component may be a heat exchanger component, such as a tube or tubesheet liner, formed from the alloy that predominately comprises niobium and tantalum. Also, disclosed is a heat exchanger including the component, a system and method for pickling using the heat exchanger, and a method of manufacturing a steel product including the method of pickling.
1. A heat exchanger for heating a hydrochloric acid pickling solution, the heat exchanger comprising:
a first tubesheet disposed at a first end of a plurality of the tubes;
a second tubesheet disposed at a second end of the plurality of tubes; and
a shell surrounding the plurality of tubes, the shell comprising:
a tubeside inlet for flowing hydrochloric acid through the first tubesheet and the plurality of tubes;
a tubeside outlet for flowing the heated hydrochloric acid from the plurality of tubes and the second tubesheet;
a shellside inlet for flowing a heating fluid into the shell to heat the plurality of tubes; and
a shellside outlet for flowing the heating fluid out of the shell,
wherein at least one tube or at least one tubesheet includes an alloy that comprises niobium and tantalum and wherein the alloy comprises at least 30 weight percent tantalum and at least 25 weight percent niobium.
2. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the first and second tubesheets comprise a substrate formed of a material other than the alloy, wherein a liner is disposed on a side of each tubesheet facing away from the plurality of tubes, and wherein the liner is formed from the alloy.
3. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the shellside outlet includes a shellside vent for releasing non-condensables from the shell and a shellside drain for draining excess liquid.
4. A system for pickling, comprising:
a pickling tank containing hydrochloric acid; and
the heat exchanger of claim 1 in fluid communication with the pickling tank for heating the hydrochloric acid.
5. A method for pickling, comprising:
passing a steel product through a pickling tank containing hydrochloric acid; and
heating the hydrochloric acid with the heat exchanger of claim 1 .
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein at least the tubewall of the at least one tube that contacts the hydrochloric acid is heated above the boiling point of the hydrochloric acid.
7. A method of manufacturing a steel product, comprising:
hot rolling a steel to form a hot rolled strip product; and
pickling the strip according to the method of claim 5 .
8. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 45 weight percent tantalum and at least 25 percent niobium.
9. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 55 weight percent tantalum and at least 25 percent niobium.
10. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 30 percent tantalum and at least 35 weight percent niobium.
11. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 45 percent tantalum and at least 35 weight percent niobium.
12. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 55 percent tantalum and at least 35 weight percent niobium.
13. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the at least one tube that includes the alloy has a wall thickness of 0.1 inch (2.54 mm) or less.
14. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the at least one tube that includes the alloy has a wall thickness of 0.03 inch (0.76 mm) or less.
15. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the at least one tube that includes the alloy has a wall thickness of 0.015 inch (0.38 mm) or less.
16. A heat exchanger for heating a hydrochloric acid pickling solution, the heat exchanger comprising:
a steam inlet;
a coil of at least one tube, wherein the coil transfers heat from steam passing therethrough to hydrochloric acid contacting an exterior of the coil; and
a condensate outlet for removing condensed steam from the coil,
wherein the at least one tube includes an alloy that comprises niobium and tantalum, and wherein the alloy comprises at least 30 weight percent tantalum and at least 25 weight percent niobium.
17. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , further comprising an inlet manifold that separates the steam into a plurality of the tubes, and an outlet manifold that merges condensed steam from the plurality of tubes.
18. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , further comprising a cage for supporting the coil, wherein the cage comprises at least one of polypropylene and polytetrafluoroethylene.
19. A system for pickling, comprising:
a pickling tank containing hydrochloric acid; and
the heat exchanger of claim 16 in fluid communication with the pickling tank for heating the hydrochloric acid.
20. A method for pickling, comprising:
passing a steel product through a pickling tank containing hydrochloric acid; and
heating the hydrochloric acid with the heat exchanger of claim 16 .
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein at least the tubewall of the at least one tube that contacts the hydrochloric acid is heated above the boiling point of the hydrochloric acid.
22. A method of manufacturing a steel product, comprising:
hot rolling a steel to form a hot rolled strip product; and
pickling the strip according to the method of claim 20 .
23. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 45 weight percent tantalum and at least 25 weight percent niobium.
24. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 55 weight percent tantalum and at least 25 weight percent niobium.
25. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 30 weight percent tantalum and at least 35 weight percent niobium.
26. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 45 weight percent tantalum and at least 35 weight percent niobium.
27. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the alloy comprises at least 55 weight percent tantalum and at least 35 weight percent niobium.
28. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the at least one tube that includes the alloy has a wall thickness of 0.1 inch (2.54 mm) or less.
29. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the at least one tube that includes the alloy has a wall thickness of 0.03 inch (0.76 mm) or less.
30. The heat exchanger of claim 16 , wherein the at least one tube that includes the alloy has a wall thickness of 0.015 inch (0.38 mm) or less.