Integrated light source independent linewidth reduction
An integrated optical linewidth reduction system detects/estimates the phase noise of an incoming optical signal and subtracts the detected phase noise from the phase noise of the incoming signal. A first coupler/splitter of the linewidth reduction system may split the incoming signal into first and second optical signals travelling through first and second optical paths. A second coupler/splitter may split the second optical signal into third and fourth optical signals travelling through third and fourth optical paths. The third optical path has a longer propagation delay than the fourth optical path. Two different coupling ratios of the third and fourth optical signals are used to generate an electrical signal representative of the phase noise of the incoming signal. A phase detector/estimator estimates the phase noise from the electrical signal. A phase modulator subtracts the detected/estimated phase noise from the phase noise of the incoming signal.
1. An integrated optical linewidth reduction system comprising:
a first splitter/coupler adapted to split an incoming optical signal into at least first and second optical signals travelling through first and second optical paths;
a second splitter/coupler adapted to split the second optical signal into at least third and fourth optical signals travelling through third and fourth optical paths, said third optical path having a longer propagation delay than said fourth optical path;
a third splitter/coupler adapted to generate a fifth optical signal by coupling a first portion of the third optical signal with a first portion of the fourth optical signal and deliver the fifth optical signal to a fifth optical path, the third said splitter/coupler being further adapted to generate a sixth optical signal by coupling a second portion of the third optical signal with a second portion of the fourth optical signal and deliver the sixth optical signal to a sixth optical path;
a photo detection circuit comprising first and second photo detectors, said first photo detector being adapted to generate a first electrical signal in response to the fifth optical signal, said second photo detector being adapted to generate a second electrical signal in response to the sixth optical signal, said photo detection circuit supplying a third electrical signal in response to the first and second electrical signals; said third electrical signal being representative of a phase noise of the incoming optical signal;
a phase modulator adapted to modulate the phase of the first optical signal in response to a control signal defined by the third electrical signal;
a phase wrapper adapted to generate the control signal from the third electrical signal, said phase wrapper comprising:
a phase rotator adapted to generate an in-phase signal and a quadrature-phase signal in response to the third electrical signal; and
an inverter adapted to perform a modulo operation on the in-phase and quadrature-phase signals.
2. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 wherein said inverter comprises:
a first mixer adapted to generate a first frequency converted signal in response to the in-phase signal and a first oscillating signal;
a second mixer adapted to generate a second frequency converted signal in response to the quadrature signal and a second oscillating signal;
a first adder/subtractor adapted to subtract the second frequency converted signal from the first frequency converted signal;
a first counter adapted to count a number of transitions of the first adder/subtractor;
a second counter adapted to count a number of transitions of the second oscillating signal; and
a second adder/subtractor adapted to subtract the second counter's count from the first counter's count to generate a difference representative of the phase noise of the incoming signal.
3. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 2 further comprising:
a digital-to-analog converter adapted to convert an output signal of the second adder/subtractor to an analog signal; and
a driver adapted to generate and apply the control signal to the phase modulator block in response to the analog signal.
4. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 wherein said incoming optical signal is a laser beam.
5. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 wherein said first portion of the third optical signal is substantially equal to the first portion of the fourth optical signal.
6. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 5 wherein said second portion of the third optical signal is substantially equal to the second portion of the fourth optical signal.
7. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 wherein said first portion of the third optical signal is different from the first portion of the fourth optical signal.
8. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 further comprising:
a true-time delay element disposed in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay.
9. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 further comprising:
a resonator disposed in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay; and
a controller adapted to vary a delay associated with the resonator in accordance with a sample of the third electrical signal.
10. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 further comprising:
a ring/disk resonator disposed in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay.
11. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 further comprising:
a waveguide grating disposed in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay.
12. The integrated optical linewidth reduction system of claim 1 wherein each of said first and second photo detectors is a photo diode.
13. A method of reducing linewidth of an incoming optical signal, the method comprising:
splitting the incoming optical signal into at least first and second optical signals travelling through first and second optical paths;
splitting the second optical signal into at least third and fourth optical signals travelling through third and fourth optical paths;
causing said third optical path to have a longer propagation delay than said fourth optical path;
generating a fifth optical signal by coupling a first portion of the third optical signal with a first portion of the fourth optical signal;
generating a sixth signal optical signal by coupling a second portion of the third optical signal with a second portion of the fourth optical signal;
generating a first electrical signal in response to the fifth optical signal;
generating a second electrical signal in response to the sixth optical signal;
generating a third electrical signal in response to the first and second electrical signals, said third signal being representative of a phase noise of the incoming optical signal;
modulating the phase of the first optical signal in response to a control signal defined by the third electrical signal;
generating an in-phase signal and a quadrature phase signal in response to the third electrical signal; and
performing a modulo operation on the in-phase and quadrature phase signals, wherein said modulo operation comprises:
converting a frequency of the in-phase signal using a first oscillating signal;
converting a frequency of the quadrature-phase signal using a second oscillating signal:
subtracting the frequency converted quadrature-phase signal from the frequency converted in-phase signal to generate a first difference signal;
counting a number of transitions of the first difference signal;
counting a number of transitions of the second oscillating signal; and
finding a difference between the number of transitions of the second oscillating signal and the number of transitions of the first difference signal, said difference being representative of the phase noise of the incoming signal.
14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
converting said difference to an analog signal; and
modulating the phase of the first optical signal in accordance with the analog signal.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein said incoming optical signal is a laser beam.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein said first portion of the third optical signal is substantially equal to the first portion of the fourth optical signal.
17. The method of claim 13 wherein said first portion of the third optical signal is different from the first portion of the fourth optical signal.
18. The method of claim 13 wherein said second portion of the third optical signal is substantially equal to the second portion of the fourth optical signal.
19. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
disposing a true-time delay element in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay.
20. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
disposing a resonator in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay; and
varying a delay associated with the resonator in accordance with a sample of the third electrical signal.
21. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
disposing a ring/disk resonator in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay.
22. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
disposing a waveguide grating in the third optical path to cause the longer propagation delay.
23. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
generating the first electrical signal in response to a first photo-detector; and
generating the second electrical signal in response to a second photo-detector.