Assays for determining the effect of an immune cell on a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease
An in vitro assay is provided for determining the effect of an immune cell on a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease. Also provided is an in vitro assay for determining the effect of an activated CD8 + T-cell on a sensitized melanoma cell. A method for improving the specific cytolytic activity (SCA) of an immune cell comprising contacting an immune cell with an antigen and an antigen-independent pro-inflammatory agent is provided. A method for ex vivo expansion of antigen-specific CD8 + T-cells with enhanced specific cytolytic activity (SCA) comprising culturing the antigen-specific CD8 + T-cells in a suitable culture media comprising an amino acid. An in vitro assay is provided for determining the effect of an immune cell on a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease. A method of treating a subject suffering from an infectious or neoplastic disease with immuno therapy is described.
1. An in vitro assay for determining the effect of an immune cell on a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease comprising:
(a) providing a gel comprising:
(i) collagen and fibrin, which gel is sufficient to support viability of an immune cell and growth of a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease and
(ii) an immune cell and a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease disposed within the gel;
(b) incubating the gel under conditions that support viability of the immune cell and growth of the cell from the infectious or neoplastic disease for a period of time sufficient to determine whether the immune cell has an effect on the cell from the infectious or neoplastic disease;
(c) determining the number of viable cells from the infectious or neoplastic disease, if any, that are present after step (b),
wherein the determining step comprises carrying out a clonogenic assay to determine how many, if any, cells from the infectious or neoplastic disease are present.
2. The in vitro assay according to claim 1 , wherein the gel comprises collagen type I.
3. The in vitro assay according to claim 1 , wherein the cell from an infectious disease is selected from the group consisting of a virus-infected cell, a transplant cell, and a cell infected with a eukaryotic cell parasite.
4. The in vitro assay according to claim 1 , wherein the cell from a neoplastic disease is a cell from a cancer selected from the group consisting of a solid tumor, a leukemia, and a lymphoma.
5. The in vitro assay according to claim 4 , wherein the solid tumor is selected from the group consisting of bladder cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and sarcoma.
6. The in vitro assay according to claim 5 , wherein the cell from a solid tumor is a sensitized melanoma cell.
7. The in vitro assay according to claim 1 , wherein the immune cell is a lymphocyte.
8. The in vitro assay according to claim 7 , wherein the lymphocyte is selected from the group consisting of an activated CD4 + T-cell, an activated CD8 + T-cell, an activated NK cell, and combinations thereof.
9. The in vitro assay according to claim 1 , wherein the immune cell is an activated monocyte or an activated macrophage.
10. The in vitro assay according to claim 1 , wherein the cell from a neoplastic disease is a sensitized human melanoma cell and the immune cell is an activated human CD8 + T-cell.
11. An in vitro assay for determining the effect of an immune cell on a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease comprising:
(a) incubating a cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease and an immune cell in a suitable tissue culture apparatus under conditions that support viability of the immune cell and growth of the cell from an infectious or neoplastic disease for a period of time sufficient to determine whether the immune cell has an effect on the cell from the infectious or neoplastic disease;
(b) determining the number of viable cells from the infectious or neoplastic disease, if any, that are present after step (a),
wherein the determining step comprises carrying out a clonogenic assay to determine how many, if any, infectious or neoplastic disease cells are present; and
(c) determining a critical concentration of immune cells required to kill the cell from the infectious or neoplastic disease.
12. The in vitro assay according to claim 11 , wherein the cell from the infectious disease is selected from the group consisting of a virus-infected cell, a transplant cell, and a cell infected with a eukaryotic cell parasite.
13. The in vitro assay according to claim 11 , wherein the cell from the neoplastic disease is a cell from a cancer selected from the group consisting of a solid tumor, a leukemia, and a lymphoma.
14. The in vitro assay according to claim 13 , wherein the solid tumor is selected from the group consisting of bladder cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and sarcoma.
15. The in vitro assay according to claim 13 , wherein the solid tumor cell is a sensitized melanoma cell.
16. The in vitro assay according to claim 11 , wherein the immune cell is a lymphocyte.
17. The in vitro assay according to claim 11 , wherein the immune cell is an activated monocyte or an activated macrophage.
18. The in vitro assay according to claim 16 , wherein the lymphocyte is selected from the group consisting of an activated CD4 + T-cell, an activated CD8 + T-cell, an activated NK cell, and combinations thereof.
19. The in vitro assay according to claim 11 , wherein the cell from a neoplastic disease is a sensitized human melanoma cell and the immune cell is an activated human CD8 + T-cell.