Cell-seeded extracellular matrix grafts
Described are tissue graft constructs that include an extracellular matrix material in combination with added endothelial cells and at least one additional added exogenous cellular population. The additional exogenous cellular population desirably includes muscle cells, such as smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, or a combination thereof. Tubular constructs seeded with such cell combinations can be beneficially used as vascular grafts. Also described are methods for preparing and using such grafts.
1. A tubular tissue graft construct, comprising a tube having a lumenal surface and an exterior surface formed with an extracellular matrix material obtained from a porcine, bovine or ovine source tissue, added human vascular endothelial cells, and at least one of added human fibroblast cells and added human muscle cells, wherein the extracellular matrix material retains at least one bioactive component from said source tissue, wherein said at least one bioactive component is a growth factor, wherein the tube includes a flat sheet of extracellular matrix material formed into a tube shape and sutured or otherwise bonded to retain the tube shape, wherein said added human vascular endothelial cells are the only added cells present on the luminal surface of the tube and wherein said at least one of added human fibroblast cells and added human muscle cells is present on the exterior surface of the tube, and wherein the tubular graft construct has been prepared in vitro and is suitable for implantation in a human patient.
2. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of added human fibroblast cells and added human muscle cells includes added muscle cells.
3. The tissue graft construct of claim 2 , wherein the human muscle cells are human smooth muscle cells.
4. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of added human fibroblast cells and added human muscle cells includes added human fibroblast cells.
5. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of added human fibroblast cells and added human muscle cells includes added human muscle cells and added human fibroblast cells.
6. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of added fibroblast cells and added muscle cells does not include fibroblast cells.
7. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein the at least one bioactive component comprises basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, epidermal growth factor, and platelet derived growth factor.
8. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein said at least one growth factor comprises one or more of basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, epidermal growth factor, and platelet derived growth factor.
9. The tissue graft construct of claim 8 , wherein said at least one growth factor comprises basic fibroblast growth factor.
10. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein said at least one bioactive component also includes heparin, heparin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, or fibronectin.
11. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , wherein the extracellular matrix material comprises submucosa tissue.
12. The tissue graft construct of claim 11 , wherein the submucosa tissue is selected from the group consisting of intestinal submucosa tissue, urinary bladder submucosa tissue, stomach submucosa tissue, and uterine submucosa tissue.
13. The tissue graft construct of claim 12 , wherein the submucosa tissue is intestinal submucosa tissue.
14. The tissue graft construct of claim 13 , wherein the submucosa tissue is porcine.
15. The tissue graft construct of claim 1 , also comprising a tubular support structure supporting the tube.
16. The tissue graft construct of claim 15 , wherein the tubular support structure comprises a stent.
17. The tissue graft construct of claim 15 , wherein the tubular support structure is biodegradable.
18. A method for tissue grafting, comprising vascular grafting of a human patient with a tissue graft construct of claim 1 .
19. A tubular tissue graft construct, comprising:
a tube having a lumenal surface and an exterior surface formed with an extracellular matrix material obtained from a porcine, bovine or ovine source tissue, wherein the extracellular matrix material comprises intestinal submucosa tissue that retains at least one bioactive component from said source tissue, wherein the at least one bioactive component is a growth factor, and wherein the tube includes a flat sheet of extracellular matrix material formed into a tube shape and sutured or otherwise bonded to retain the tube shape;
added human cells on the lumenal surface of the tube, wherein the added cells on the lumenal surface of the tube consist of: (i) added human vascular endothelial cells; or, (ii) added human vascular endothelial cells and added human muscle cells;
added human cells on the exterior surface of the tube, wherein the added human cells on the exterior surface of the tube consist of: (i) added human fibroblast cells; or, (ii) added human muscle cells; or, (iii) added human fibroblast cells and added human muscle cells; or (iv) added human fibroblast cells, added human muscle cells, and added human vascular endothelial cells; and
wherein the tubular graft construct has been prepared in vitro and is suitable for implantation in a human patient.