Universal reference dye for quantitative amplification
Universal reference dye mixtures for quantitative amplification, and uses thereof, are provided.
1. A reaction mixture for signal normalization in a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a target nucleic acid wherein the mixture is compatible, without further addition of reagents aside from a sample to be tested and optionally primers, for use in both (a) a high concentration passive dye normalization real-time PCR amplification system and (b) a low concentration passive dye normalization real-time PCR amplification system, wherein the mixture comprises a plurality of passive reference dyes that produces fluorescent signals independent of the amplification reactions.
2. The mixture of claim 1 , the mixture comprising
a first passive reference dye having a Stokes-shift, wherein the first passive reference dye is at a concentration sufficient for use in low concentration passive reference dye normalization, wherein the first passive reference dye has a first passive reference dye excitation wavelength maximum and a first passive reference dye emission wavelength maximum; and
a second passive reference dye having a Stokes-shift that is greater than the Stokes-shift of the first passive reference dye, wherein the second passive reference dye has an emission wavelength maximum approximately the same as the first passive reference dye emission wavelength maximum, and an excitation wavelength maximum significantly different than the first passive reference dye excitation wavelength maximum.
3. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the second passive reference dye has a Stokes-shift of at least about 60 nm.
4. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the first passive reference dye comprises 5- and/or 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine, or an analog thereof.
5. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the second passive reference dye has a excitation wavelength maximum of 550 nm or less.
6. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the concentration of the 5- and/or 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine dye is less than 100 nM.
7. The mixture of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of an oligonucleotide primer.
8. The mixture of claim 7 , comprising DNA polymerase.
9. The mixture of claim 8 , wherein the polymerase is complexed with an antibody.
10. The mixture of claim 8 , wherein the polymerase is chemically inactivated but is activated by heating.
11. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein said second passive dye is a fluorescent dot.
12. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the second passive reference dye is conjugated to a moiety.
13. A method of performing a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the method comprising,
performing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the mixture of claim 1 , wherein the mixture further comprises a biological sample suspected of comprising a target nucleic acid.
14. A method of making the reaction mixture of claim 1 , the method comprising mixing the plurality of passive reference dyes, thereby generating the reaction mixture.
15. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the second passive reference dye has an emission wavelength maximum within 30 nm of the first passive reference dye emission wavelength maximum.
16. The mixture of claim 1 , the mixture comprising
a first passive reference dye having a Stokes-shift, wherein the first passive reference dye is at a concentration sufficient for use in low concentration passive reference dye normalization, wherein the first passive reference dye has a first passive reference dye excitation wavelength maximum and a first passive reference dye emission wavelength maximum and wherein the first passive reference dye comprises 5- and/or 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine, or an analog thereof; and
a second passive reference dye having a Stokes-shift that is greater than the Stokes-shift of the first passive reference dye, wherein the second passive reference dye has an emission wavelength maximum within 30 nm of the first passive reference dye emission wavelength maximum, and an excitation wavelength maximum of 550 nm or less.
17. The mixture of claim 16 , wherein the second passive reference dye has an emission wavelength maximum of 590-630 nm and an excitation wavelength maximum of 470-510 nm.
18. The mixture of claim 1 , further comprising a reverse transcriptase.