Device for characterizing the coagulation or sedimentation dynamics of a fluid such as blood or blood plasma
A method of characterizing the coagulation or sedimentation dynamics of a fluid such as whole blood, a blood fraction, or blood plasma is provided. The method includes illuminating a sample of the fluid with a beam of coherent light; acquiring a time series of images of a speckle pattern generated by interaction between the sample and the spatially coherent light beam; and processing the time series of images. The processing step includes calculating a function representative of the variation in the speckle pattern between two or more images of the series. The invention also provides a device for implementing such a method.
1. A device for characterizing the coagulation or sedimentation dynamics of a fluid such as whole blood, a blood fraction, or blood plasma, the device comprising:
a microfluidic device having a microfluidic chamber suitable for receiving a sample of said fluid and enabling it to be illuminated;
a lighting means positioned relative to the microfluidic device to illuminate said microfluidic chamber and said sample by a spatially coherent light beam;
a two-dimensional matrix image detector configured and arranged relative to the microfluidic device to acquire a time series of two-dimensional images of said sample, said two-dimensional images including an optical speckle pattern generated by interaction between said sample and said spatially coherent light beam, wherein said two-dimensional images include pixels; and
a non-transient computer readable memory programmed with a computer software, the software configured, with a processor, to:
obtain a series of two-dimensional images from said two-dimensional matrix image detector;
analyze, pixel by pixel, pairs of images of the series, wherein the analysis include calculating, for each pair of images, an overall value based on a difference between pixels of images of said pair of images or on a correlation of images of said of pair of images;
derive a function based on the overall value calculated for each pair of images,
and characterize one or more of the coagulation or sedimentation of said fluid based on said function.
2. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said matrix image detector is offset relative to the direct path of said spatially coherent light beam so as to avoid being dazzled.
3. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said matrix image detector is lens-free.
4. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said lighting means and said matrix image detector are arranged on two opposite sides of the microfluidic chamber, which chamber is transparent, thereby causing said two-dimensional images to be acquired by transmission.
5. A device according to claim 4 , wherein said microfluidic chamber is of thickness lying in the range 20 μm to 1000 μm.
6. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said lighting means and said matrix image detector are arranged on the same side of the said microfluidic chamber, a reflecting element being provided on the opposite side therefrom, whereby said two-dimensional images are acquired by reflection.
7. A device according to claim 6 , wherein said microfluidic chamber has thickness lying in the range 25 μm to 500 μm.
8. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said processor is configured to analyze a temporal evolution of said function representative of the variation of said speckle pattern between two or more two-dimensional images of the series.
9. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said processor is configured to calculate a correlation function between successive image pairs of said time series of two-dimensional images.
10. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said processor is configured to calculate a coagulation rate of said fluid from said function representative of the variation of said speckle pattern between two or more two-dimensional images of the series.
11. A device according to claim 1 , wherein said processor is configured to calculate a sedimentation rate of said fluid from said function representative of the variation of said speckle pattern between two or more two-dimensional images of the series.