Device comprising a set of electromagnetic radiation sensitive detectors and arrangement of a set of such devices
An image sensor, in particular, for endoscopic applications or miniaturized surveillance cameras. The sensor includes a matrix of image points arranged to provide an image of an explored area of which the shape substantially corresponds to the geometry of the matrix. This sensor consists of a matrix of photodetector cells structured in rows and columns, orthogonal to one another, which has a polygonal shape of which the contour has at least five sides that form part of a closed line, with orthogonal edges and oblique edges. This provides a solution to position the column and row address elements which allows each photoconductive cell to be connected to a current or voltage readout circuit, along oblique edges, such that the space beyond the matrix of photodetector elements is not substantially increased along the oblique edges.
1. An image sensor, designed to furnish an image of an explored area that generally corresponds in shape to a geometry of the sensor, the sensor comprising:
a matrix of photodetector cells being electromagnetic radiation-sensitive detector cells;
the matrix of photodetector cells having an outline being polygonal in shape;
the matrix of photodetector cells having a periphery with at least one oblique edge connecting two orthogonal edges together with one another;
each of the photodetector cells being directly connected to one of a plurality of line addressing circuits and one of a plurality of column addressing circuits of a readout circuit;
each of the plurality of line addressing circuits and the plurality of column addressing circuits of the readout circuit being located along the periphery of the matrix of photodetector cells; and
wherein the readout circuit is arranged along the at least one oblique edge; and
along the at least one oblique edge, at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits is juxtaposed with at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits.
2. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the geometry of the sensor is circular in shape, and the periphery of the matrix of photodetector cells having a plurality of oblique edges such that the shape of the outline of the matrix of photodetector cells approaches the geometry of the sensor.
3. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the geometry of the sensor is oval in shape, and the periphery of the matrix of photodetector cells having a plurality of oblique edges such that the shape of the outline of the matrix of photodetector cells approaches the geometry of the sensor.
4. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is mounted on an endoscopic tube having a circular cross section and the sensor is associated with an optical system and located on a circular lens.
5. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is made using Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor technology.
6. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is manufactured as a set of sensors;
the set of sensors is manufactured on a production pallet;
each of the sensors are octagonal in shape; and
each of the sensors are placed and spaced on the production pallet such that straight cutting lines form 45° angles with one another.
7. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein a presentation format of the image is based on an image point matrix which is arranged in lines and columns corresponding to line addressing circuits and the column addressing circuits of the readout circuit.
8. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each of the photodetector cells of the matrix are square and have a cell length;
an angle between the at least one oblique edge and a first of the two orthogonal edges is 45°;
first sides of the at least one of the line addressing circuits and the at least one of the column addressing circuits are directly adjacent the at least one oblique edge;
the first sides both have a length equal to √2/2 multiplied by the cell length;
second sides of the at least one of the line addressing circuits and the at least one of the column addressing circuits are both perpendicular to the at least one oblique edge; and
the second sides are directly adjacent one another.
9. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each of the photodetector cells of the matrix are square and have a cell length;
an angle between the at least one oblique edge and a first of the two orthogonal edges is 45°;
first sides of the at least one of the line addressing circuits and the at least one of the column addressing circuits are directly adjacent one another;
second sides of the at least one of the line addressing circuits and the at least one of the column addressing circuits are parallel to the first sides;
the first and the second sides both have a length equal to √2 multiplied by the cell length; and
only the second sides of the at least one of the line addressing circuits are directly adjacent the at least one oblique edge.
10. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each of the photodetector cells of the matrix are square and have a cell length;
an angle between the at least one oblique edge and a first of the two orthogonal edges is 26°;
a first side of the at least one of the column addressing circuits has a length equal to √5/2 multiplied by the cell length;
a first side of the at least one of the line addressing circuits has a length equal to √5 multiplied by the cell length;
first sides of the at least one of the line addressing circuits and the at least one of the column addressing circuits are directly adjacent one another;
a second side of the at least one of the column addressing circuits is directly adjacent the at least one oblique edge.
11. An image sensor comprising:
a matrix of photodetector cells having at least one oblique edge connecting two orthogonal edges together;
a readout circuit being located along the two orthogonal edges and the at least one oblique edge of the matrix of photodetector cells;
the readout circuit having a plurality of line addressing circuits and a plurality of column addressing circuits; and
each of the photodetector cells of the matrix being directly connected to one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and one of the plurality of column addressing circuits of the readout circuit;
wherein, at least one set of juxtaposed circuits of the readout circuit is located along the at least one oblique edge.
12. The sensor according to claim 11 , wherein the sensor is manufactured as a set of sensors;
the set of sensors is manufactured on a production pallet;
each of the sensors are octagonal in shape; and
each of the sensors are placed and spaced on the production pallet such that straight cutting lines form 45° angles with one another.
13. The sensor according to claim 11 , wherein a presentation format of the image is based on an image point matrix which is arranged in lines and columns corresponding to the plurality of line addressing circuits and the plurality of column addressing circuits of the readout circuit.
14. The sensor according to claim 11 , wherein each of the photodetector cells of the matrix are square and have a cell length;
an angle of 45° is between the at least one oblique edge and a first edge of the two orthogonal edges;
the at least one set of juxtaposed circuits along the at least one oblique edge comprises at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits;
first sides of at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits are directly adjacent the at least one oblique edge;
the first sides both have a length equal to √2/2 multiplied by the cell length;
second sides of at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits are both perpendicular to the at least one oblique edge; and
the second sides are directly adjacent one another.
15. The sensor according to claim 11 , wherein each of the photodetector cells of the matrix are square and have a cell length;
an angle of 45° is between the at least one oblique edge and a first of the two orthogonal edges;
the at least one set of juxtaposed circuits along the at least one oblique edge comprises at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits;
first sides of at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits are directly adjacent one another;
second sides of at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits are parallel to the first sides;
the first and the second sides both have a length equal to √2 multiplied by the cell length; and
only first sides of at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits are directly adjacent the at least one oblique edge.
16. The sensor according to claim 11 , wherein each of the photodetector cells of the matrix are square and have a cell length;
an angle of 26° is between the at least one oblique edge and a first of the two orthogonal edges;
the at least one set of juxtaposed circuits along the at least one oblique edge comprises at least two of the plurality of line addressing circuits and at least one of the plurality of column addressing circuits;
a first side of the at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits has a length equal to √5 multiplied by the cell length;
a first side of each of the at least two of the plurality of column addressing circuits has a length equal to √5/2 multiplied by the cell length;
the first sides of the at least one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and the at least two of the plurality of column addressing circuits are directly adjacent one another;
a second side of each of the at least two of the plurality of column addressing circuits is directly adjacent the at least one oblique edge; and
a third side of each of the at least two of the plurality of column addressing circuits are directly adjacent one another.
17. An image sensor, for generating an image based upon electromagnetic radiation detected, the sensor comprising:
a matrix of photodetector cells being electromagnetic radiation-sensitive detector cells;
the matrix of photodetector cells having a shape corresponding to an outline of the sensor,
the outline of the sensor being polygonal in shape and having at least five sides within a closed outer peripheral line;
a readout circuit located along two orthogonal edges and at least one oblique edge connecting the two edges being together with one another along a periphery of the matrix of photodetector cells;
the readout circuit having a plurality of line addressing circuits and a plurality of column addressing circuits;
each of the photodetector cells of the matrix being directly connected to only one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and only one of the plurality of column addressing circuits of the readout circuit, such that each of the photodetector cells of the matrix have a unique address corresponding to lines and columns of an addressing scheme; and
the addressing scheme corresponding to an image point matrix being a basis for a presentation format of the image;
wherein, along the at least one oblique edge, each one of the plurality of line addressing circuits is juxtaposed with a respective one of the plurality of column addressing circuits; and
each of the photodetector cells associated with the at least one oblique edge is respectively connected to the one of the plurality of line addressing circuits and the one of the plurality of column addressing circuits.