Firing (calcination) process and method related to metallic substrates coated with ZPGM catalyst
The effect of firing (calcination) cycle on metallic substrates in ZPGM catalyst systems is disclosed. ZPGM catalyst samples with washcoat and overcoat are separately fired in a normal, slow and fast firing cycles to determine the optimal firing cycling that may provide an enhanced catalyst performance, as well as the minimal loss of washcoat adhesion from the samples.
1. A method of controlling a firing cycle for use with catalytics, comprising:
providing at least one substrate;
depositing a washcoat suitable for deposition on the substrate, the washcoat comprising at least one oxide solid further comprising at least one carrier metal oxide;
calcinating the washcoat through at least one first heating and at least one second heating;
depositing an overcoat suitable for deposition on the substrate, the overcoat comprising at least one oxygen storage material and at least one ZPGM catalyst;
wherein the at least one ZPGM catalyst comprises at least one compound having the formula AB 2 O 4 , wherein each of A and B is selected from the group consisting of at least one of copper and cerium; and
wherein one of the at least one carrier metal oxide is a mixed metal oxide.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , doped TiO 2 , Ti 1-x Nb x O 2 , SiO 2 , alumina, doped alumina, ZrO 2 , doped ZrO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 -ZrO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 -ZrO 2 -CeO 2 , and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one ZPGM catalyst comprises about 12.0g/L of copper and about 14.4 g/L of cerium.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed metal oxide has a concentration of about 120 g/L.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one first heating is from about room temperature to about 150° C.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the rate of the at least one first heating is about 120° C/hr.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the temperature of about 150° C. is held for about 2 hours.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one second heating is to about 550° C.
9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the rate of the at least one second heating is about 180° C/hr.
10. The method of claim 5 , wherein the temperature of about 550° C. is held for about 4 hours.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one second heating is to about 300° C.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the rate of the at least one second heating is about 120° C/hr.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the temperature of about 300° C. is held for about 2 hours.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising at least one third heating, wherein the at least one third heating is to about 550° C.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the rate of the at least one third heating is about 120° C/hr.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the temperature of about 550° C. is held for about 4 hours.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one substrate may be selected from the group consisting of cordierite, zeolite, and combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising calcinating the overcoat through at least one first heating and at least one second heating.
19. A method of controlling a firing cycle for use with catalytics, comprising:
providing at least one substrate;
depositing a washcoat suitable for deposition on the substrate, the washcoat comprising at least one oxide solid further comprising at least one carrier metal oxide;
calcinating the washcoat through at least one heating, wherein the at least one heating is from about room temperature to about 550° C. and wherein the temperature of about 550° C. is held for about 4 hours;
depositing an overcoat suitable for deposition on the substrate, the overcoat comprising at least one oxygen storage material and at least one ZPGM catalyst;
wherein the at least one ZPGM catalyst comprises at least one compound having the formula AB 2 O 4 , wherein each of A and B is selected from the group consisting of at least one of copper and cerium; and
wherein one of the at least one carrier metal oxide is a mixed metal oxide.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising calcinating the overcoat through at least one heating, wherein the at least one heating is from about room temperature to about 550° C. and wherein the temperature of about 550° C. is held for about 4 hours.