Antimicrobial glass articles with improved strength and methods of making and using same
Described herein are various antimicrobial glass articles that have improved strength and resistance to discoloration. The improved antimicrobial glass articles described herein generally include a glass substrate with a compressive stress layer and an antimicrobial silver-containing region that each extend inward from a surface of the glass substrate to a specific depth. In some embodiments, the compressive stress layer has a compressive stress at the surface of about 500 MPa or greater and the compressive stress decreases monotonically from the surface into the depth of the glass substrate. Methods of making and using the glass articles are also described and include forming a compressive stress layer and forming an antimicrobial silver-containing region by preferentially exchanging a plurality of silver cations in a silver-containing medium for a specific plurality of first cations ions in the glass substrate.
1. An antimicrobial glass article, comprising:
a glass substrate comprising a compressive stress layer that extends inward from a surface of the glass substrate to a first depth therein, and an antimicrobial silver-containing region that extends inward from the surface of the glass substrate to a second depth therein, wherein the compressive stress layer comprises a compressive stress at the surface of about 500 MPa or greater and the compressive stress decreases monotonically from the surface into the first depth of the glass substrate.
2. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein the second depth is less than the first depth.
3. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial silver-containing region comprises a depth of about 20 μm or less.
4. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 3 , wherein the antimicrobial silver-containing region has an average thickness of less than or equal to about 10 micrometers (μm).
5. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 4 , wherein a silver concentration at an outermost 10 nanometers (nm) of the antimicrobial silver-containing region is up to about 45 weight percent, based on a total weight of this outermost 10 nanometers (nm) of the antimicrobial silver-containing region.
6. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial silver-containing region comprises a silver concentration of about 5 weight percent or greater, based on a total weight of the antimicrobial silver-containing region.
7. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , further comprising an additional layer disposed on the surface of the glass substrate.
8. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 7 , wherein the additional layer comprises a reflection-resistant coating, a glare-resistant coating, fingerprint-resistant coating, smudge-resistant coating, a color-providing composition, an environmental barrier coating, or an electrically conductive coating.
9. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein a compressive stress of the compressive stress layer is up to about 1.2 GPa and the depth of the compressive stress layer is less than about 100 μm.
10. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial silver-containing region has an average thickness of up to about 150 micrometers (μm).
11. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 10 , wherein a silver concentration at an outermost 10 nanometers of the antimicrobial silver-containing region is up to about 6 weight percent, based on a total weight of this outermost 10 nanometers of the antimicrobial silver-containing region.
12. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial glass article exhibits at least one of:
at least a 5 log reduction in a concentration of at least Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria under JIS Z 2801 (2000) testing conditions; and
at least a 3 log reduction in a concentration of at least Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria under modified JIS Z 2801 (2000) testing conditions, wherein the modified conditions comprise heating the antimicrobial glass article to a temperature of about 23 degrees Celsius to about 37 degrees Celsius at a humidity of about 38 percent to about 42 percent for about 24 hours followed by drying for about 6 hours to about 24 hours.
13. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial glass article exhibits at least a 2 log reduction in a concentration of at least Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria under a Dry Test.
14. The antimicrobial glass article of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial glass article comprises a portion of a touch-sensitive display screen or cover plate for an electronic device, a non-touch-sensitive component of an electronic device, a surface of a household appliance, a surface of medical equipment, a biological or medical packaging vessel, or a surface of a vehicle component.