Apparatus and method for beam locking in a wireless communication system

1. An apparatus for beamforming in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising:

at least one transceiver; and

a controller operatively coupled to the at least one transceiver, wherein the controller is configured to:

identify a reference direction of the apparatus with a beam direction of another apparatus;

detect at least one of change of tilt, movement and rotation of the apparatus;

identify a change of a beam direction of the apparatus corresponding to the reference direction according to at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation of the apparatus;

identify a beamforming parameter based on the identified change of the beam direction; and

adjust the beam direction of the apparatus based on the identified beamforming parameter.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to identify whether the beam direction of the apparatus is aligned to the beam direction of the another apparatus based on beam training.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to identify whether the beam direction of the other apparatus is misaligned to the reference direction of the apparatus based on location information of the apparatus and location information of the other apparatus.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to identify whether the beam direction of the apparatus is misaligned to the reference direction of the apparatus after identifying the at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises one or more of a precoding codebook index, a beamforming matrix, or a beamforming vector.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the controller is configured to generate a data by multiplying a signal sequence by the beamforming vector or the beamforming matrix, and wherein the at least one transceiver is configured to transmit, to another apparatus, the data by performing beamforming.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises phase and amplitude values of a signal per antenna.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the controller is configured to adjust a phase and an amplitude of each signal transmitted by each antenna path according to the phase and amplitude values of the signal per antenna.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises an attitude control value comprising one or more of a rotation angle or a tilt angle per antenna.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the controller is further configured to adjust a signal radiation direction of each antenna according to the attitude control value.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises an index indicating at least one antenna corresponding to the beam direction.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising an antenna switch, wherein the antenna switch is configured to activate the at least one antenna indicated by the index.

13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to identify the beamforming parameter based on a designated rule, a reference direction of the apparatus and at least one change of the tilt, the movement and the rotation as input variables.

14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to identify the beamforming parameter based on a mapping table, wherein the mapping table defines the beamforming parameter according to a reference direction of the apparatus and at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation, wherein the reference direction is a direction from the apparatus to another apparatus before occurrence of the at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to adjust the beam direction periodically.

16. A method for beamforming in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:

identifying a reference direction of the apparatus with a beam direction of another apparatus;

detecting at least one change of tilt, movement and rotation of an apparatus;

identifying a change of a beam direction of the apparatus corresponding to the reference direction according to at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation of the apparatus;

identifying a beamforming parameter based on the identified change of the beam direction; and

adjusting the beam direction of the apparatus based on the identified beamforming parameter.

17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:

identifying whether the beam direction of the apparatus is aligned to the beam direction of the another apparatus based on beam training.

18. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:

identifying whether the beam direction of the other apparatus is misaligned to the reference direction of the apparatus based on location information of the apparatus and location information of the other apparatus.

19. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:

identifying whether the beam direction of the apparatus is misaligned to the reference direction of the apparatus after identifying the at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation.

20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises one or more of a precoding codebook index, a beamforming matrix, or a beamforming vector.

21. The method of claim 20 , further comprising:

generating a data by multiplying a signal sequence by the beamforming vector or the beamforming matrix; and

transmitting, to another apparatus, the data by performing beamforming.

22. The method of claim 16 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises phase and amplitude values of a signal per antenna.

23. The method of claim 22 , wherein adjusting the beam direction of the apparatus comprises adjusting a phase and an amplitude of each signal transmitted by each antenna path according to the phase and amplitude values of the signal per antenna.

24. The method of claim 16 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises an attitude control value comprising one or more of a rotation angle or a tilt angle per antenna.

25. The method of claim 24 , wherein adjusting the beam direction of the apparatus comprises adjusting a signal radiation direction of each antenna according to the attitude control.

26. The method of claim 16 , wherein the beamforming parameter comprises an index indicating at least one antenna corresponding to the beam direction.

27. The method of claim 26 , further comprising:

activating at least one antenna indicated by the index.

28. The method of claim 16 , wherein identifying the beamforming parameter comprises:

identifying the beamforming parameter based on a designated rule, wherein the designated rule uses a reference direction of the apparatus and at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation as input variables.

29. The method of claim 16 , wherein identifying the beamforming parameter comprises:

identifying the beamforming parameter based on a mapping table,

wherein the mapping table defines the beamforming parameter according to at least one change of the tilt, the movement, and the rotation,

wherein the reference direction is a direction from the apparatus to another apparatus before occurrence of the at least one change of the tilt, the movement and the rotation.

30. The method of claim 16 , wherein adjusting the beam direction comprises adjusting the beam direction periodically.