Self-healing product
A self-healing product having a shape memory component and a healing component interpenetrating the shape memory component to form a fibrous microstructure. The healing component is selected so as to diffuse into a defect when the area of the product with the defect is subject to a treatment. The components may be selected so that applying heat at a temperature at or above a melting temperature (Tm) and/or a glass transition temperature (Tg) for one or both of the shape memory component and the healing component causes shape memory transition and diffusion by the healing component. The self-healing product can form a coating or material layer to protect a substrate while also providing the healing properties responsive to the treatment.
1. A self-healing product, comprising:
a first material comprising a covalently cross-linked semi-crystalline polymer having a first melting temperature that is between 25 and 80 degrees C. and, when heated above said first melting temperature, will release any stored strain energy; and
a second material comprising a polymer that is dispersed in the first material as a plurality of randomly oriented fibers arranged as an interpenetrating network where the fibers are thermally welded together to be adjoined via a plurality of nodes and having a second melting temperature that is within 25 degrees C. of the first melting temperature of said first material;
wherein heating said self-healing product to a predetermined temperature that is above the first melting temperature of the first material and above the second melting temperature of the second material, will cause said first material to release said stored strain energy and said second material to melt.
2. The self-healing product according to claim 1 , wherein the first material comprises a shape memory polymer.
3. The self-healing product according to claim 1 , wherein the second material is amenable to deposition using electro-spinning.
4. The self-healing product according to claim 2 , wherein the second material comprises a polymer and wherein the second melting temperature is greater than the first melting temperature of the first material.
5. The self-healing product according to claim 1 , wherein the first material comprises a liquid resin.
6. The self-healing product according to claim 1 , wherein each of the fibers have diameters that do not exceed the order of a micro-meter scale.
7. The self-healing product according to claim 1 , further comprising a substrate having a surface for receiving one or more of the first material and the second material thereon.
8. The self-healing product according to claim 7 , wherein the substrate comprises glass.
9. The self-healing product according to claim 1 wherein the first material solidifies in response to ultra-violet curing.