Single crystalline graphene sheet and process of preparing the same
A single-crystal graphene sheet includes a polycyclic aromatic molecule wherein a plurality of carbon atoms are covalently bound to each other, the single-crystal graphene sheet comprising between about 1 layer to about 300 layers; and wherein a peak ratio of a Raman D band intensity to a Raman G band intensity is equal to or less than 0.2. Also described is a method for preparing a single-crystal graphene sheet, the method includes forming a catalyst layer, which includes a single-crystal graphitizing metal catalyst sheet; disposing a carbonaceous material on the catalyst layer; and heat-treating the catalyst layer and the carbonaceous material in at least one of an inert atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere. Also described is a transparent electrode including a single-crystal graphene sheet.
1. A method for preparing a single-crystal graphene sheet, the method comprising:
forming a catalyst layer, the catalyst layer comprising a single-crystal graphitizing metal catalyst sheet;
disposing a carbonaceous material on the catalyst layer; and
heat-treating the catalyst layer and the carbonaceous material in at least one of an inert atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere to form a single-crystal graphene sheet.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material is solid-solubilized in the catalyst layer.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, Pt, Au, Al, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Rh, Si, Ta, Ti, W, U, V, Zr, a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing metals, and an alloy comprising at least one of the foregoing metals.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disposing a carbonaceous material on the catalyst layer comprises coating a carbon-containing polymer on a surface of the catalyst layer.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the carbon-containing polymer is a self-assembling polymer.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the carbon-containing polymer is a polymer selected from the group consisting of an amphiphilic polymer, a liquid crystal polymer, a conductive polymer, and a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing polymers.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the carbon-containing polymer comprises a polymerizable functional group.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disposing a carbonaceous material on the catalyst layer comprises disposing a carbon-containing gas on the catalyst layer.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the heat-treating is performed at a temperature between about 300° C. to about 2,000° C. for a time between about 0.001 hours to about 1000 hours.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the carbon-containing gas is a gas selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, ethane, ethylene, ethanol, acetylene, propane, propylene, butane, butadiene, pentane, pentene, cyclopentadiene, hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, and a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing gases.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disposing a carbonaceous material on the catalyst layer is performed by immersing the catalyst layer in a liquid, wherein the liquid comprises the carbonaceous material.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat-treating the catalyst layer comprises:
a first heat-treating at a temperature and for a time sufficient to solid-solubilize the carbonaceous material in the catalyst layer; and
a second heat-treating at a temperature and for a time sufficient to precipitate the solid-solubilized carbonaceous material and form a single-crystal graphene sheet.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disposing a carbonaceous material on the catalyst layer is performed by coating a carbon-containing polymer on a surface of the catalyst layer, wherein the heat-treating is performed at a temperature between about 300° C. to about 2,000° C. and for a time between about 0.001 hours to about 1000 hours.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating the single-crystal graphene sheet from the catalyst layer by removing the catalyst layer by treating the single-crystal graphene sheet and the catalyst layer with an acid after the heat-treating.
15. A method for preparing a single-crystal graphene sheet, comprising:
forming a catalyst layer, the catalyst layer comprising a single-crystal graphitizing metal catalyst sheet;
disposing a self-assembling polymer on the catalyst layer;
heat-treating the catalyst layer and the self-assembling polymer in at least one of an inert atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere to solid-solubilize a carbonaceous material in the catalyst layer; and
heat-treating at a temperature and for a time sufficient to precipitate the solid-solubilized carbonaceous material and form a single-crystal graphene sheet.