Thermal-mechanical testing apparatus for electrically conductive specimen testing systems and method for use thereof
A thermal-mechanical testing apparatus for use with an electrically conductive specimen testing system. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a first compression anvil assembly, a mounting frame coupled to the first compression anvil assembly, and a second compression anvil assembly positioned opposite the first compression anvil assembly and the mounting frame. The first compression anvil assembly includes a mounting plate, a first compression anvil coupled to the mounting plate, and a heating current ground system coupled to the mounting plate. The mounting frame includes a set of conductive end plates, a set of insulating connectors connecting the conductive end plates, and a plurality of mounting components coupled to the insulating connectors. The mounting components are also coupled to the mounting plate. The second compression anvil assembly includes a conductive mounting plate, a second compression anvil coupled to the conductive mounting plate, and a heating current by-pass system coupled to the conductive mounting plate and one of the conductive end plates.
1. A thermal-mechanical materials testing apparatus comprising:
a first compression anvil assembly including:
a mounting plate;
a first compression anvil coupled to the mounting plate; and
a heating current ground system coupled to the mounting plate;
a mounting frame coupled to the first compression anvil assembly, the mounting frame including:
a set of conductive end plates for positioning a first contact surface of a test specimen adjacent the first compression anvil of the first compression anvil assembly wherein one of the set of conductive end plates is coupled to the heating current ground system;
a set of insulating connectors connecting the set of conductive end plates;
and a plurality of mounting components pivotally coupled to the insulating connectors, the plurality of mounting components coupled to the mounting plate of the first compression anvil assembly, wherein the set of insulating connectors is configured to rotate and align the test specimen with respect to the first compression anvil, and permit the test specimen to expand axially in response to a compression force applied from the first compression anvil assembly; and
a second compression anvil assembly positioned opposite the first compression anvil assembly and the mounting frame, the second compression anvil assembly including:
a conductive mounting plate;
a second compression anvil coupled to the conductive mounting plate and positioned adjacent a second contact surface of the test specimen; and
a heating current by-pass system coupled to the conductive mounting plate connecting to the other of the set of conductive end plates of the mounting frame, and configured to transfer heat to the first contact surface and the second contact surface, wherein the first contact surface has a larger area than a contact area of the first compression anvil, and the second contact surface has a larger area than a contact area of the second compression anvil.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating current ground system of the first compression anvil assembly further includes:
at least one conductive cable having a first end coupled to the ground plate, and a second end coupled to the mounting plate of the first compression anvil assembly.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the ground plate of the heating current ground system substantially contacts one of the set of conductive end plates of the mounting frame which substantially contacts the test specimen.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating current by-pass system of the second compression anvil assembly includes one of the following:
a conductive mounting plate connected to a second mounting shaft;
a conductive mounting plate connected to the thermal-mechanical materials testing apparatus; or a conductive mounting plate connected to an external heating current source.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating current by-pass system of the second compression anvil assembly further includes:
a current plate coupled to one of the set of conductive end plates of the mounting frame; and
at least one conductive cable having a first end coupled to the current plate, and a second end coupled to the conductive mounting plate of the second compression anvil assembly.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the current plate of the heating current by-pass system substantially contacts one of the set of conductive end plates of the mounting frame which substantially contacts the test specimen.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first compression anvil of the first compression anvil assembly is coupled to a first mounting shaft of an electrically conductive specimen testing system.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the conductive mounting plate of the second compression anvil assembly is coupled to a second mounting shaft of the electrically conductive specimen testing system, the second mounting shaft positioned opposite the first mounting shaft.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the mounting frame further includes a specimen clip positioned on the set of conductive end plates for securing each end of the test specimen to each of the set of conductive end plates.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of mounting components is pivotally coupled to the insulating connectors of the mounting frame.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the mounting frame further includes an extension spring positioned within each of the set of insulating connectors, the extension spring allowing the conductive end plates to substantially expand in an axial direction.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the mounting frame further includes a compression spring positioned between each of the plurality of mounting components and the mounting plate of the -first compression anvil assembly, the compression spring for substantially separating the mounting frame and the first compression anvil assembly.
13. An electrically conductive specimen testing system comprising:
a housing;
a first mounting shaft positioned within the housing on a first side;
a second mounting shaft positioned within the housing on a second side, opposite the first side; and
a thermal-mechanical testing apparatus coupled to the first mounting shaft and the second mounting shaft respectively, the thermal-mechanical testing apparatus including:
a first compression anvil assembly coupled to the first mounting shaft, the first compression anvil assembly having:
a mounting plate;
a first compression anvil coupled to the mounting plate; and
a heating current ground system coupled to the mounting plate;
a mounting frame coupled to the first compression anvil assembly, the mounting frame having:
a set of conductive end plates for positioning a first surface of a test specimen adjacent the first compression anvil of the first compression anvil assembly wherein one of the set of conductive end plates is coupled to the heating current ground system;
a set of insulating connectors connecting the set of conductive end plates; and
a plurality of mounting components pivotally coupled to the insulating connectors, the plurality of mounting components coupled to the mounting plate of the first compression anvil assembly, wherein the set of insulating connectors is configured to rotate and align the test specimen with respect to the first and second compression anvils, and permit the test specimen to expand axially in response to a compression force applied from the first compression anvil assembly; and
a second compression anvil assembly coupled to the second mounting shaft, the second compression anvil assembly having:
a second compression anvil coupled to a second compression anvil positioned adjacent a second surface of the test specimen; and
a heating current by-pass system coupled to a conductive mounting plate connecting to the other of the set of conductive end plates of the mounting frame and including one of the following:
a conductive mounting plate connected to the second mounting shaft;
a conductive mounting plate connected to the thermal-mechanical materials testing apparatus;
or a conductive mounting plate connected to an external heating current source;
wherein the heating current by-pass system is configured to heat the first surface and the second surface of the test specimen, the first surface having a larger surface area than the contact area of the first compression anvil and the second surface having a larger surface area than a contact area of the second compression anvil.
14. A method for performing a simulation on a test specimen, the method comprising:
a thermal-mechanical testing apparatus, the thermal-mechanical testing apparatus including:
a first compression anvil assembly including:
a mounting plate;
a first compression anvil coupled to the mounting plate; and
a heating current ground system coupled to the mounting plate;
a mounting frame coupled to the first compression anvil assembly, the mounting frame including:
a set of conductive end plates for positioning a first contact surface of a test specimen adjacent the first compression anvil of the first compression anvil assembly; and wherein one of the set of conductive end plates is coupled to the heating current ground system;
a set of insulating connectors connecting the set of conductive end plates; and
a plurality of mounting components coupled to the insulating connectors, the plurality of mounting components coupled to the mounting plate of the first compression anvil assembly; and
a second compression anvil assembly positioned opposite the first compression anvil assembly and the mounting frame, the second compression anvil assembly including:
a second compression anvil coupled to a conductive mounting plate and positioned adjacent a second contact surface of the test specimen; and
a heating current by-pass system coupled to a conductive mounting plate connecting to the other of the set of conductive end plates of the mounting frame and containing one of the following:
a conductive mounting plate connected to the second mounting shaft;
a conductive mounting plate connected to the thermal-mechanical materials testing apparatus;
or a conductive mounting plate connected to an external heating current source;
continuously heating a first contact area of the first contact surface and a second contact area of the second contact surface of the test specimen using the heating current by-pass system of the second compression anvil assembly, wherein the first contact area is larger than a contact area of the first compression anvil and the second contact area is larger than the second compression anvil; and
engaging the first compression anvil of the first compression anvil assembly against the first contact surface of the test specimen; and
engaging the second compression anvil of the second compression anvil assembly against the second contact surface of the test specimen, wherein the engaging of the first compression anvil and the second compression anvil causes the test specimen to expand in an axial direction.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the continuously heating of the contact area includes:
passing a current from the heating current by-pass system through the test specimen to the heating current ground system,
wherein the heating current ground system is coupled to the set of conductive end plates of the mounting frame, opposite the heating current by-pass system.
16. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
adjusting the mounting frame in an axial direction to position mounting frame one of: closer, or further from the mounting plate of the first compression anvil assembly.
17. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
adjusting the set of conductive end plates moving in a radial direction during one of:
the continuously heating of the contact area, engaging of the first compression anvil against the first contact surface of the test specimen, or
engaging of the second compression anvil against the second contact surface of the test specimen.
18. The method claim 14 , further comprising:
rotating the set of insulating connectors coupled to the plurality of mounting components to substantially position the test specimen in perpendicular alignment with the first compression anvil and the second compression anvil, respectively.