Polyol ester plasticizers and process of making the same
Triglyceride and other polyol ester PVC plasticizers can be produced by recovery of branched C6 to C9 aldehydes from a hydroformylation product, optional hydrogenation to the alcohol, oxidation to the acid with oxygen and/or air, recovery of the resulting acid, and esterification with glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or mixtures thereof. The branched alkyl chains comprise at least 10% methyl branching. Special triglycerides are derived from branched aliphatic acids having alkyl chains with average carbon numbers from 6 to 9 and at least 10% methyl branching. These triglycerides are fast fusing plasticizers if before esterification with glycerol, an aryl acid is introduced together with the aliphatic acids.
1. A composition comprising a triglyceride according to the formula
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are alkyls, and at least one of the R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 groups defining the acid moieties in the triglyceride, is independently selected from C4 to C9 alkyl groups, whereby, if at least one of a C4 or a C9 alkyl group is present, this C4 or C9 group is present in a mixture of aliphatic acids, and whereby the mixture of aliphatic acids has an average carbon number of at least 6 and at most 9, with the proviso that the average branching on the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties is from 0.5 to 3.0 per molecule, and wherein at least 10% of the branches on the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties are methyl branches.
2. A composition comprising PVC and the composition according to claim 1 .
3. The composition according to claim 1 wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 is a C6 alkyl group, and wherein the average branching is about 1.2±0.1 per molecule, and wherein the branches are selected from methyl and a combination of methyl and ethyl branches.
4. The composition according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the acid moieties has an average carbon number from 6.5 to 7.5 and has, as determined by C13-NMR, from 5 to 20% of its first branch, counting from the oxygen in the acid or ester function, on the second carbon, from 15 to 40% of the first branch on the third carbon, and from 20 to 40% of the first branch on the 4 th carbon.
5. The composition according to claim 1 further comprising a phthalate plasticiser.
6. A method of using the composition according to claim 1 as a fast fusing plasticiser.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the average branching of the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties is from 0.6 to 2.2 per molecule.
8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the average branching of the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties is from 0.7 to 1.8 per molecule.
9. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the average branching of the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties is from 0.8 to 1.6 per molecule.
10. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the average branching of the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties is from 1.2 to 1.4 per molecule.
11. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the branches on the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties are methyl branches.
12. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein at least 80% of the branches on the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties are methyl branches.
13. The composition according to claim 5 , wherein the phthalate plasticiser is selected from the group consisting of di-isononyl phthalate, di-isodecyl phthalate, di-2-propylheptyl phthalate, di-isoundecyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and mixtures thereof.