Solvent self-reactions with P(CN)3 to produce films and particles of C3N3P
View Patent ↗A material with the empirical formula C 3 N 3 P is made by polymerizing P(CN) 3 in a polar aprotic solvent such as acetonitrile, by heating, irradiation with ultraviolet light, and/or using a polymerization initiator and/or a catalyst.
1. A method of making C 3 N 3 P, the method comprising:
providing, in a sealable vessel, a solution of P(CN) 3 in a polar aprotic solvent, and then
heating the solution to at least 185° C. while the vessel is sealed, thereby obtain a polymer having the empirical formula C 3 N 3 P.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polar aprotic solvent is acetonitrile.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a polymerization initiator and/or a catalyst is included in said polar aprotic solvent.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said polymerization initiator and/or catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is entirely amorphous.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein a substrate is included in said sealable vessel prior to said heating, and wherein said polymer is a film on the substrate, the film having a thickness of between about 100 microns and about 1 nanometer.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is in the form of particles 10 nm to 10 μm in size.
8. A method of making C 3 N 3 P, the method comprising:
providing a starting solution of P(CN) 3 in a polar aprotic solvent,
irradiating the starting solution with ultraviolet light, thereby obtaining a dendrimeric prepolymer comprising C 3 N 3 P, and
separating the prepolymer from the P(CN) 3 and solvent.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said polar aprotic solvent is acetonitrile.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein a polymerization initiator and/or a catalyst is included in said polar aprotic solvent.
11. The method of claim 8 , further comprising thermally treating the prepolymer to obtain a cross-linked C 3 N 3 P polymer.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said cross-linked C 3 N 3 P polymer is entirely amorphous.
13. A method of making C 3 N 3 P, the method comprising:
providing a starting solution of P(CN) 3 and a polymerization initiator and/or a catalyst in a polar aprotic solvent;
heating the solution, thereby obtaining a dendrimeric prepolymer comprising C 3 N 3 P; and
separating the prepolymer from the P(CN) 3 and solvent.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said polar aprotic solvent is acetonitrile.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein said polymerization initiator and/or catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile.
16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising thermally treating the prepolymer to obtain a cross-linked C 3 N 3 P polymer.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said cross-linked C 3 N 3 P polymer is entirely amorphous.