Energy-harvesting conveyor belts and methods
Energy-harvesting and -storage devices in conveyor belts and methods for molding those devices integrally into modular belt links and for enhancing energy harvesting through resonance tuning. Piezoelectric materials, electro-active polymers, thermoelectric generators, RF receivers, photovoltaic devices, linear induction generators, and inductive transformer coupling are used to harvest energy to power belt on-board devices.
1. A conveyor belt comprising:
a belt body having an outer surface and an inner core;
an energy-harvesting device disposed in or on the belt body;
an energy-storage device disposed in or on the belt body and coupled to the energy-harvesting device to store energy harvested by the energy-harvesting device;
an electrical device disposed in or on the belt body and powered by energy stored in the energy-storage device;
wherein the energy-harvesting device is a thermoelectric generator arranged to measure the temperature difference between the inner core and the environment external to the outer surface and to generate a voltage proportional to the temperature difference.
2. A conveyor belt as in claim 1 wherein the electrical device includes a sensor making sensor measurements and a transmitter, the transmitter transmitting the sensor measurements remotely.
3. A conveyor belt as in claim 1 wherein the energy-storage device is a capacitor.
4. A conveyor belt as in claim 1 further comprising a voltage regulator electrically coupled to the energy-storage device and the sensor to regulate the voltage to the sensor.
5. A conveyor belt as in claim 1 wherein the thermoelectric generator includes a plurality of thermocouples connected in series and parallel in an array to form a thermocouple battery.
6. A conveyor belt as in claim 1 wherein the inner core is made of an electrically conductive first plastic material that is doped either positively or negatively and wherein the outer surface is made of an electrically conductively second plastic material that is doped opposite to the first plastic material to form a p-n junction with the first plastic material for the thermoelectric generator.
7. A conveyor belt as in claim 1 wherein the belt body includes a first layer made of an electrically conductive first plastic material that is doped either positively or negatively and a second layer deposited on the first layer, the second layer made of an electrically conductively second plastic material that is doped opposite to the first plastic material to form a p-n junction with the first plastic material for the thermoelectric generator.