Method of producing isotopes in a nuclear reactor with an irradiation target retention system
Example embodiments are directed to methods of producing desired isotopes in commercial nuclear reactors using instrumentation tubes conventionally found in nuclear reactor vessels to expose irradiation targets to neutron flux found in the operating nuclear reactor. Example embodiments include assemblies for retention and producing radioisotopes in nuclear reactors and instrumentation tubes thereof. Example embodiments include one or more retention assemblies that contain one or more irradiation targets and are useable with example delivery systems that permit delivery of irradiation targets. Example embodiments may be sized, shaped, fabricated, and otherwise configured to successfully move through example delivery systems and conventional instrumentation tubes while containing irradiation targets and desired isotopes produced therefrom.
1. A method of producing isotopes in a nuclear reactor with an irradiation target retention system, the method comprising:
inserting at least one irradiation target into an irradiation target retention assembly, the irradiation target configured to substantially convert to a desired radioisotope when exposed to a neutron flux in the operating nuclear reactor
rigidly affixing the irradiation target retention assembly to a cable of a delivery system;
driving the irradiation target retention assembly and the cable into tubing of the delivery system using a drive mechanism, the tubing being connected to an instrumentation tube of the nuclear reactor;
inserting the irradiation target retention assembly on the cable into the instrumentation tube using the drive mechanism;
irradiating the at least one irradiation target;
removing the irradiation target retention assembly on the cable from the nuclear reactor using the drive mechanism; and
harvesting the desired radioisotope from the irradiation target retention assembly.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inserting the irradiation target retention assembly on the cable into the instrumentation tube further includes driving the irradiation target retention assembly and the cable through a first guide, the first guide being located between the drive mechanism an the instrumentation tube.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the inserting the irradiation target retention assembly on the cable into the instrumentation tube further includes driving the irradiation target retention assembly and the cable through a second guide, the second guide being located between the first guide and the instrumentation tube.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one irradiation target retention assembly includes at least one bore configured to contain the at least one irradiation target.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the at least one irradiation target retention assembly includes a cap configured to attach to an end of the irradiation target retention assembly to retain the irradiation target within the at least one bore.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the irradiation target is at least one of Molybdenum-98, Chromium-50, Copper-63, Dysprosium-164, Erbium-168, Holmium-165, Iron-58, Lutetium-176, Palladium-102, Phosphurus-31, Potassium-41, Rhenium-185, Samarium-152, Selenium-74, Sodium-23, Strontium-88, Ytterbium-168, Ytterbium-176, Ytterium-89, Iridium-191, and Cobalt-59.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the irradiation target retention assembly defines a hole passing through the irradiation target retention assembly, the hole having a diameter configured to secure the irradiation target retention assembly to a wire of the delivery system.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the irradiation target retention assembly is fabricated from at least one of a zirconium alloy, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel alloy, silicon, graphite, and Inconel.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the irradiation target retention assembly includes,
a hollow, sealed tube containing the at least one irradiation target.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
an endcap configured to join the irradiation target retention assembly to a cable of the delivery system.