Preparation and uses of bio-adhesives
View Patent ↗The present application relates generally to bio-adhesive components isolated from bio-oil prepared from animal waste, methods of preparation of the bio-adhesive components and uses thereof. Such uses include, but are not limited to, asphalt bio-binders, bio-adhesion promoters, asphalt bio-rejuvenators, asphalt bio-extenders, bio-asphalt as well as uses in roofing, soil stabilization, crack and joint sealing and flooring adhesives.
1. A method of isolating a bio-adhesive composition from a bio-oil, the method comprising:
(a) providing a bio-oil derived from animal waste;
(b) distilling the bio-oil to remove a light liquid fraction and provide a pot liquor, such that the viscosity of the pot liquor is not allowed to exceed about 1 centipoise (cP) at 135° C., wherein the distilling occurs at a vacuum pressure of between about 1 mm Hg and about 80 mm Hg while heating to a temperature of up to 60° C.; and
(I) isolating the pot liquor to provide a bio-adhesive composition comprising a heavy liquid fraction and a bio-residue; or
(II) continuing to distill the pot liquor to provide a distilled heavy liquid fraction and a bio-residue that is not distilled, wherein the viscosity of the bio-residue is not allowed to exceed about 1 cP at 135° C., wherein the distilling occurs under vacuum pressure of between about 1 mm Hg and about 80 mm Hg while heating to
(1) a temperature ranging from about 60° C. to about 100° C., or
(2) a temperature ranging from about 100° C. to about 160° C.,
and isolating a bio-adhesive composition comprising the distilled heavy liquid fraction from (1) and/or (2).
2. The method of claim 1 , where the animal waste comprises beef manure, dairy manure, swine manure, sheep manure, poultry manure or combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the animal waste comprises swine manure, and in (b) the vacuum pressure is between about 1 mm Hg and about 40 mm Hg and the rate of heating is between about 5° C. per hour and about 50° C. per hour while heating up to a temperature of 60° C.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein in (b) the vacuum pressure is about 3 mm Hg and the rate of heating is between about 15° C. per hour and about 30° C. per hour while heating up to a temperature of 60° C.
5. The method of claim 2 , where the animal waste comprises swine manure.
6. The method of claim 5 , where the swine manure comprises at least about 30% solid manure.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity of the pot liquor is not allowed to exceed 0.5 cP at 135° C.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising combining the isolated bio-adhesive composition of (I) or (II) with bitumen, asphalt binder, nanoclay, rubber, or petroleum-based asphalt.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the isolated bio-adhesive composition of (II) is combined with bitumen.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising (III) isolating the bio-residue to provide a bio-adhesive composition.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the viscosity of the bio-residue of (II) is not allowed to exceed 0.5 cP at 135° C.
12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising combining the bio-adhesive composition comprising the isolated bio-residue with bitumen, asphalt.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature in (II) ranges from about 60° C. to about 100° C. and the isolated bio-adhesive composition comprises a distilled heavy liquid fraction comprising at least about 5% by weight of amide-containing compounds.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature in (II) ranges from about 100° C. to about 160° C. and the isolated bio-adhesive composition comprises a distilled heavy liquid fraction comprising up to about 5% by weight of amide-containing compounds.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the animal waste comprises swine manure, and in (II) the vacuum pressure is between about 1 mm Hg and about 40 mm Hg and the rate of heating is between about 5° C. per hour and about 50° C. per hour.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity of the isolated bio-adhesive composition is not allowed to exceed 0.5 cP at 135° C.