Patient-specific acetabular guides and associated instruments
A surgical kit for preparing a joint surface to receive an implant includes a patient-specific guide for a joint surface. The patient-specific guide has a patient-specific surface complementary to a surface of the joint for nesting engagement, and a guiding element oriented along a patient-specific alignment axis. The alignment axis is determined during a preoperative plan of the specific patient for implant alignment. The kit includes a guiding tool couplable to the guiding element of the patient-specific guide and a three-dimensional orientation device removably couplable the guiding tool for intra-operative calibration, such that, after calibration, the orientation device can be removably coupled to a shaft of a surgical instrument to align the shaft along the alignment axis.
1. A surgical system for preparing a surface of a joint to receive an implant, the surgical system comprising:
a guide for a hip joint surface of a patient, the guide configured to engage the hip joint surface of the joint and having a guiding element oriented along an alignment axis;
a guiding tool having a shaft couplable to the guiding element of the guide such that the shaft of the guiding tool is oriented along the alignment axis; and
a three-dimensional orientation device having a transparent outer surface and an inner bubble viewable through the outer surface, the orientation device removably couplable to the shaft of the guiding tool and intra-operatively calibrated by marking with a mark on the outer surface a position of the bubble to indicate an orientation of the alignment axis, such that, after calibration, the orientation device can be removably coupled to a shaft of a surgical instrument to align the shaft along the alignment axis by changing the orientation of the shaft of the surgical instrument to center the bubble around the mark.
2. The surgical system of claim 1 , further comprising a reamer orientable along the alignment axis using the orientation device.
3. The surgical system of claim 1 , further comprising an implant inserter orientable along the alignment axis using the orientation device.
4. The surgical system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of orientation devices.
5. The surgical system of claim 4 , wherein the orientation devices are disposable.
6. The surgical system of claim 1 , wherein the transparent outer surface is a dome-shaped surface and the orientation device has a base.
7. The surgical system of claim 6 , further comprising a coupler for keying and coupling the base of the orientation device to an instrument shaft.
8. The surgical system of claim 7 , wherein the coupler is removably coupled to the base.
9. The surgical system of claim 6 , wherein the bubble is moveable in three-dimensional space to indicate an orientation in three-dimensions relative to the base.
10. The surgical system of claim 1 , further comprising a second guide.
11. The surgical system of claim 10 , wherein the second guide is designed to fit to a portion of the hip joint surface of the joint that differs from a second portion of the hip joint surface that is engageable by the guide.
12. The surgical system of claim 1 , wherein the guide comprises a patient-specific acetabular guide having a patient-specific surface complementary to the surface of the joint for nesting engagement and the patient-specific surface is constructed as a mirror surface of the acetabular area from medical images of the patient obtained preoperatively, and wherein the alignment axis determined during a preoperative plan of the specific patient for implant alignment.
13. A surgical system for preparing a joint surface of a patient to receive an implant, the surgical system comprising:
a patient-specific acetabular guide for a hip joint surface of a patient, the acetabular guide having a patient-specific surface complementary to an acetabular area of the patient, the complementary surface constructed as a mirror surface of the acetabular area from medical images of the patient obtained preoperatively, the acetabular guide having a guiding element oriented along a patient-specific alignment axis, the alignment axis determined during a preoperative plan of the specific patient for implant alignment;
a guiding tool having a shaft couplable to the guiding element of the patient-specific guide such that the shaft of the guiding tool is oriented along the alignment axis; and
a three-dimensional orientation device having a transparent outer surface and an inner bubble viewable through the outer surface, the orientation device removably couplable to the shaft of the guiding tool and intra-operatively calibrated by marking with a mark on the outer surface a position of the bubble to indicate the orientation of the alignment axis, such that, after calibration, the orientation device can be removably coupled to a shaft of a surgical instrument to align the shaft of the surgical instrument along the alignment axis by changing the orientation of the shaft of the surgical instrument to center the bubble around the mark.
14. The surgical system of claim 13 , further comprising an acetabular inserter having a removable adapter tip couplable to the guiding element of the acetabular guide.
15. The surgical system of claim 13 , further comprising a reamer having a shaft couplable to the orientation device.
16. The surgical system of claim 15 , further comprising a drill element with a drilling stop at a predetermined position for preventing over drilling of the acetabulum through a bore of the guiding element of the acetabular guide.
17. The surgical system of claim 13 , wherein the orientation device has a transparent dome-shaped surface and a base.
18. The surgical system of claim 17 , wherein the base has a coupler for coupling the orientation device to a shaft of an instrument.
19. A surgical system for preparing a joint surface of a patient to receive an implant, the surgical system comprising:
a patient-specific acetabular guide for a hip joint surface of a patient, the acetabular guide having a patient-specific surface complementary to an acetabular area of the patient, the complementary surface constructed as a mirror surface of the acetabular area from medical images of the patient obtained preoperatively, the acetabular guide having a guiding element oriented along a patient-specific alignment axis, the alignment axis determined during a preoperative plan of the specific patient for implant alignment;
a guiding tool having a shaft couplable to the guiding element of the patient-specific guide such that the shaft of the guiding tool is oriented along the alignment axis;
a surgical instrument having a shaft;
a three-dimensional orientation device having a transparent dome-shaped surface, a base outer and an inner bubble viewable through the dome-shaped surface, the orientation device having a coupler extending from the base and removably couplable to the shaft of the guiding tool and intra-operatively calibrated by marking with a mark on the dome-shaped surface a position of the bubble to indicate the orientation of the alignment axis, such that, after calibration, the orientation device can be removably coupled to the shaft of the surgical instrument to align the shaft of the surgical instrument along the alignment axis by changing the orientation of the shaft of the surgical instrument to center the bubble around the mark.
20. The surgical system of claim 19 , wherein the surgical instrument is a reamer.
21. The surgical system of claim 19 , wherein the surgical instrument is an acetabular inserter.