Methods and compositions for increasing the anaerobic working capacity in tissues
Provided are compositions comprising beta-alanylhistidine peptides and/or beta-alanines, and methods for administering these peptides and amino acids. In one aspect, the compositions and methods cause an increase in the blood plasma concentrations of beta-alanine and/or creatine.
1. An improved method of delaying onset of muscle fatigue in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises increasing the amount of beta-alanine ingested in a 24 hour period for a period of time.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of beta-alanine ingested is increased to a maximum of 16 g.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the improvement further comprises ingesting an amount of L-histidine to prevent loss of muscle histidine.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the improvement further comprises decreasing the amount of beta-alanine ingested in a 24 hour period for a period of time following increasing the amount of beta-alanine ingested in a 24 hour period.
5. An improved method of increasing anaerobic working capacity of a muscle in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises increasing the amount of beta-alanine ingested in a 24 hour period for a period of time.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the improvement further comprises ingesting an amount of L-histidine to prevent loss of muscle histidine.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the amount of beta-alanine ingested is increased daily, every other day, weekly, every other week, or every day that the human participates in physical activity.
8. An improved method of increasing muscle strength in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises increasing the amount of beta-alanine ingested in a 24 hour period for a period of time.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the improvement further comprises ingesting at least one of a creatine and a carbohydrate.
10. An improved method of increasing endurance of a muscle at submaximal force in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises increasing the amount of beta-alanine ingested in a 24 hour period for a period of time.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the period of time is from 3 days to 8 weeks.
12. An improved method of delaying onset of muscle fatigue in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises ingesting a first daily dose of beta-alanine for a first period of time followed by a second daily dose of beta-alanine for a second period of time, wherein the first daily dose and second daily dose are different.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first daily dose of beta-alanine is from 3.5 g to 16 g per 24 hour period.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second daily dose of beta-alanine is from 0.5 g to 3.5 g per 24 hour period.
15. An improved method of increasing anaerobic working capacity of a muscle in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises ingesting a first daily dose of beta-alanine for a first period of time followed by a second daily dose of beta-alanine for a second period of time, wherein the first daily dose and second daily dose are different.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the improvement further comprises ingesting an amount of L-histidine to prevent loss of muscle histidine.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the amount of L-histidine is 0.1 g to 16 g.
18. An improved method of increasing muscle strength in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises ingesting a first daily dose of beta-alanine for a first period of time followed by a second daily dose of beta-alanine for a second period of time, wherein the first daily dose and second daily dose are different.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the first daily dose of beta-alanine is ingested daily, every other day, or every day that the human participates in physical activity.
20. An improved method of increasing endurance of a muscle at submaximal force in a human comprising ingesting a human dietary supplement containing beta-alanine that is not part of a dipeptide, oligopeptide or polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase beta-alanylhistidine synthesis in the muscle, wherein the improvement comprises ingesting a first daily dose of beta-alanine for a period of time followed by a second daily dose of beta-alanine for a period of time, wherein the first daily dose and second daily dose are different.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.
22. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.
23. The method of claim 8 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.
24. The method of claim 10 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.
25. The method of claim 12 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.
26. The method of claim 15 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.
27. The method of claim 18 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.
28. The method of claim 20 , wherein the method excludes administration of histidine.