Solid-state microscope for selectively imaging a sample
Exemplary embodiments provide solid-state microscope (SSM) devices and methods for processing and using the SSM devices. The solid-state microscope devices can include a light emitter array having a plurality of light emitters with each light emitter individually addressable. During operation, each light emitter can be biased in one of three operating states including an emit state, a detect state, and an off state. The light emitter can include an LED (light emitting diode) including, but not limited to, a nanowire based LED or a planar LED to provide various desired image resolutions for the SSM devices. In an exemplary embodiment, for near-field microscopy, the resolution of the SSM microscope can be essentially defined by the pitch p, i.e., center-to-center spacing between two adjacent light emitters, of the light emitter array.
1. A method for producing a magnified image of an object comprising:
forming a light emitting diode (LED) array comprising a pitch p that corresponds to an image resolution;
forming a first image pixel by switching on a first LED of the LED array to illuminate a first portion of an object and using a first plurality of LEDs surrounding the first LED to collect a reflected light from the Illuminated first portion of the object; and
forming a second image pixel by switching off the first LED and switching on a second LED of the LED array to illuminate a second portion of the object and using a second plurality of LEDs surrounding the second LED to collect a reflected light from the illuminated second portion of the object.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
individually switching on each additional LED of the LED array to illuminate an additional portion of the object and using LEDs surrounding each additional LED to collect light reflected from the illuminated additional portion of the object.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising biasing the first LED in an emit operating state and reverse-biasing the surrounding first plurality of LEDs in a detect operating state.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising placing a photodetector to collect a transmitted light through a portion of the object, wherein the portion of the object is illuminated by one or more LEDs of the LED array.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising using a real-time feedback loop to manipulate a switching of each individual LED to control the image resolution.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising controlling the pitch p by using one or more of a nanowire based LED array or a planar LED array.
7. A method for making a solid-state microscope comprising:
providing a GaN-based LED epitaxial layered structure comprising a multi-quantum well active region formed between an n-doped layer and a p-doped layer;
forming a plurality of LED mesa structures by etching the GaN-based LED epitaxial layered structure to the n-doped layer thereby having a recessed space between any two adjacent LED mesa structures and depositing a passivation layer on a surface of the recessed space and each mesa structure;
forming an n-side metal contact through a portion of the passivation layer that is formed in the recessed space and connected with the n-doped layer,
burying the n-side metal contact with a dielectric material that completely fills the recessed space;
forming p-side metal contacts on the p-doped layer of each LED mesa structure; and
electrically connecting each p-side metal contact with a ROIC circuit cell.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising,
biasing one LED mesa structure of the plurality of LED mesa structures to illuminate a portion of an object,
reversely-biasing a plurality of LED mesa structures that surrounds the one LED mesa structure to detect an intensity of a reflected light from the illuminated object portion, and
storing and transferring the detected intensity by the ROIC circuit cell.