Wicking nonwoven mat from wet-laid process
Examples of the present technology may include a method of making a non-woven fiber mat. The wet nonwoven fiber mat may include a first plurality of first glass fibers and a second plurality of second glass fibers. The first plurality of first glass fibers may have nominal diameters of less than 5 μm, and the second plurality of second glass fibers may have nominal diameters of greater than 6 μm. The method may further include curing the binder composition to produce the nonwoven fiber mat. The nonwoven fiber mat may have an average 40 wt. % sulfuric acid wick height of between about 1 cm and about 5 cm after exposure to 40 wt. % sulfuric acid for 10 minutes conducted according to method ISO8787, and the nonwoven fiber mat may have a total normalized tensile strength greater than 2 (lbf/in)/(lb/sq) for a sq (100 ft 2 ).
1. A method of making a nonwoven fiber mat for use in a lead-acid battery, the method comprising:
mixing a first plurality of first glass fibers and a second plurality of second glass fibers to form a slurry,
maintaining a pH of the slurry at about 5 or higher;
removing water from the slurry to form a wet nonwoven fiber mat;
adding a binder composition to the wet nonwoven fiber mat, wherein:
the wet nonwoven fiber mat comprises the first plurality of first glass fibers and the second plurality of second glass fibers,
the first plurality of first glass fibers has nominal diameters of less than 5 μm,
the second plurality of second glass fibers has nominal diameters of greater than 6 μm, and
the first plurality of first glass fibers comprises between about 10% and about 50% by weight of the combined weight of the first plurality of first glass fibers and the second plurality of second glass fibers; and
curing the binder composition to produce the nonwoven fiber mat, wherein:
the nonwoven fiber mat has a Cobb 60 degree of less than 1, and
the nonwoven fiber mat has a total normalized tensile strength of greater than 2 (lbf/in)/(lb/sq).
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of first glass fibers has an average diameter of between 0.5 μm and 1.0 μm.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of first glass fibers has an average diameter of about 0.7 μm.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of first glass fibers comprises between about 30% and about 40% by weight of the combined weight of the first plurality of first glass fibers and the second plurality of second glass fibers.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of first glass fibers comprises between about 40% and about 50% by weight of the combined weight of the first plurality of first glass fibers and the second plurality of second glass fibers.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of first glass fibers comprises between about 20% and about 30% by weight of the combined weight of the first plurality of first glass fibers and the second plurality of second glass fibers.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of first glass fibers comprises between about 10% and about 20% by weight of the combined weight of the first plurality of first glass fibers and the second plurality of second glass fibers.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second plurality of second glass fibers has an average diameter of between about 8 μm and about 13 μm.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the first glass fibers comprise a first glass compound,
the second glass fibers comprise a second glass compound, and
the first glass compound is different from the second glass compound.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
mixing the first plurality of first glass fibers and the second plurality of second glass fibers to form a slurry prior to adding the binder composition, and
maintaining a pH of the slurry at between about 7 and about 8.5.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binder composition comprises a powdered filler.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the powdered filler is hydrophilic and acid-resistant.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the powdered filler comprises between about 0.1% and about 20% by weight of the nonwoven fiber mat.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the powdered filler is precipitated silica.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises blowing air through the wet nonwoven fiber mat.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nonwoven fiber mat has an average 40 wt. % sulfuric acid wick height of between about 2 cm and about 4 cm after exposure to 40 wt. % sulfuric acid for 10 minutes conducted according to method ISO8787.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nonwoven fiber mat has a total normalized tensile strength of greater than 7 (lbf/in)/(lb/sq).
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nonwoven fiber mat has a total normalized tensile strength of greater than 14 (lbf/in)/(lb/sq).
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nonwoven fiber mat has a total normalized tensile strength of greater than 28 (lbf/in)/(lb/sq).
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
drying the wet nonwoven fiber mat, wherein the mixing, adding, and drying operations are continuous processes.
21. A method of making a pasting paper for a battery, the method comprising:
applying an acid-resistant binder composition to a wet-laid mixture of glass fibers to form a wet nonwoven fiber mat, wherein:
the mixture of glass fibers comprises a first plurality of microfibers having an average diameter of between 0.5 μm and 1.0 μm,
the mixture of glass fibers comprises a second plurality of coarse fibers having an average diameter greater than or equal to 8 μm, and
the mass ratio of the first plurality of microfibers to the second plurality of coarse fibers is between about 1:5 and about 1:1;
drying the wet nonwoven fiber mat; and
curing the acid-resistant binder composition to produce a pasting paper, wherein:
the pasting paper has a Cobb 60 degree of less than 1, and
the pasting paper has a total normalized tensile strength of greater than 7 (lbf/in)/(lb/sq).
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nonwoven fiber mat has an average 40 wt. % sulfuric acid wick height of between about 1 cm and about 5 cm after exposure to 40 wt. % sulfuric acid for 10 minutes conducted according to method ISO8787.
23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the pasting paper has an average 40 wt. % sulfuric acid wick height of between about 1 cm and about 5 cm after exposure to 40 wt. % sulfuric acid for 10 minutes conducted according to method ISO8787.